Bleeding & Shock (Crash Course)

angioedema
swelling of lower layer of sin and underlying tissue. swelling may be in face, tongue, larynx, abdomen, arms and legs. often associated w/urticaria

compensated shock
early shock where the body still maintains adequate perfusion

decompensated shock
later shock where the body can no longer maintain adequate perfusion

Exsanguination
severe bleeding, leading to death

hemorrhage
excessive bleeding

irreversible shock
stage of shock leading to inevitable death

mean arterial pressure(MAP)
DBP+ 1/3(SBP-DBP)

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)
progressive failure of atleast two organ systems

Urticaria
hives

3 causes of shocks
pump problem(cardiac)
pipes problem(vasodilation)
fluid problem(hypovolemic)

compensated shock compensatory mechanisms
increased HR and cardiac force of contraction
increased vasoconstriction
reduced urinary output to maintain intravascular volume

decompensated (progressive) shock
falling or low BP are hallmark signs
bodys defense mechanisms are no longer able to compensate for the decrease in cardiac output

signs of shock
ALOC
tachycardia progressing to absent pulses in decompensated shock
pale,cool,clammy
normal BP during compensated shock and falling BP in decompensating shock

s/s of compensated shock
ALOC
tachycardia
pale, cool, clammy skin
thirst
normal BP

s/s of decompensated shock
decreased LOC
absent peripheral pulses
mottling, cyanosis
falling BP progressing to hypotension

shock management
airway management
control bleeding
prevent heat loss
rapid transport
IV
consider fluid bolus

s/s of neurogenic shock
possible paralysis
possible respiratory
MOI indicative of probable spinal injury
warm, flushed, dry skin
hypotension even in early stage of shock
slow pulse

s/s of anaphylactic shock
skin: flushed,itching,urticaria,angioedema
respiratory: dyspnea,wheezing,stridor,laryngospasm
cardiovascular: widespread vasodilation,tachycardia

s/s of sepsis
fever or hypothermia possible
skin can be flushed, pale, or cyanotic
ALOC
dyspnea, abnormal lung sounds
tachycardia, hypotension