1. The Islamic ummah was

2. All of the following were contributing factors to Great Britain’s Industrial Revolution EXCEPT

3. “Concerned that in situations of poverty women have the least access to food, health, education, training and opportunities for employment and other needs … Parties shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate discrimination against women in order to ensure to them equal rights with men in the field of education and in particular to ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women … The same conditions for career and vocational guidance, for access to studies and for the achievement of diplomas in educational establishments of all categories in rural as well as in urban areas; this equality shall be ensured in pre-school, general, technical, professional and higher technical education, as well as in all types of vocational training.… The elimination of any stereotyped concept of the roles of men and women at all levels and in all forms of education by encouraging coeducation and other types of education which will help to achieve this aim and, in particular, by the revision of textbooks and school programmes and the adaptation of teaching methods …” Which of the following most likely produced the twentieth-century document quoted above?

4. The map above shows which seventh century empire’s expansion?

5. The image above reflects

6. The columns illustrated above are architectural contributions from which civilization?

7. Which of the following statements about the Songhai in the sixteenth century is accurate?

8. Which of the following was NOT characteristic of early civilizations?

9. Massive labor migrations to economically developed countries in the twentieth century occurred primarily because of

10. All of the following countries experienced social unrest and student protest movements in the 1960s similar to those in the United States EXCEPT

11. The European maritime activity at the end of the fifteenth century led to all of the following EXCEPT

12. Martin Luther King, Jr., Nelson Mandela, and Aung San Suu Kyi each drew their political philosophy and protest tactics in part from the work of

13. Babur led his Mughal army to conquer India chiefly in order to

14. The expansion of global trade in the 16th and 17th centuries contributed to China’s becoming a major holder of the world’s silver because

15. Which of the following is an example of how Muslim culture influenced Western Europe in the era of the Crusades?

16. Japan’s industrialization process was initially limited by which of the following?

17. During the Cold War, Latin America was primarily

18. Dissatisfaction over the agreements ending the First World War led to all of the following EXCEPT

19. Which of the following did most industrializing countries quickly develop?

20. Which of the following is true about the declining role of women in the Islamic Abbasid era?

21. The Hebrews were unique in ancient civilization for their

22. The Ming Dynasty adopted which of the following belief systems for which of the following reasons?

23. Which of the following is an important contribution of the Lydians?

24. The location and architecture of buildings in major Mayan cities such as Palenque are most likely based on

25. Which of the following statements about slavery in the pre-modern world is NOT accurate?