1. The three-day festival called Kivgiq, hosted by Inupiat natives of North Alaska, centered on dances performed by members of many communities across Arctic Canada and Alaska. As I watched, I learned that the feast and the dances were much more than just a big party: They were reminders of an ancient code, an ancient way of life that was important to get right because it kept people alive.
Based on the passage, it’s safe to assume that Kivgiq is

2. Training your dog takes weeks (or more), and you’ll have to put a lot of energy into it. You must train more than one behavior, and each usually takes several steps. Also, repetition is important; you can’t expect your dog to remember each behavior without practicing it repeatedly. For these reasons, many people put it off — or worse, give up entirely.
According to the passage, dog training

3. All of the celestial objects, including the Sun, moved across the sky from east to west (with the occasional exception of a comet or a shooting star). However, since no one experienced any of the sensations that would be expected if Earth was continually spinning, it seemed logical to believe that it was the heavens which were in motion around Earth.
According to the passage, people didn’t believe Earth spun because

4. A symptom is something that the individual himself or herself experiences. It is internal. For example, feeling depressed, anxious, or confused are symptoms the self perceives as distressing. A cluster of signs and symptoms is called a syndrome. Psychiatrists and clinical psychologists use recognizable syndromes as the primary basis for classifying and diagnosing mental disorders.
According to the passage, a syndrome is

5. First, the scientist makes observations about the relationships among variables (such as air temperature and its effect on water). She then forms a hypothesis, or a statement about what effects she believes those variables will have on one another. (For example, she may hypothesize that exposure to cold air will cause water to freeze.) To test her hypothesis, she performs experiments to see whether her predictions are correct.
According to the passage,

6. Huckleberry was cordially hated and dreaded by all the mothers of the town, because he was idle and lawless and vulgar and bad—and because all their children admired him so, and delighted in his forbidden society, and wished they dared to be like him. Tom was like the rest of the respectable boys, in that he envied Huckleberry his gaudy outcast condition, and was under strict orders not to play with him. So he played with him every time he got a chance.
According to the passage, mothers didn’t want their children playing with Huckleberry because

7. The basic geometrical method they used was called parallax. This involved measurement of the apparent shift in position of an object when viewed from two different locations. To illustrate this, hold one finger upright in front of your nose and close first one eye and then the other. The finger seems to shift position against the background, although it is, of course, stationary. When the finger is moved closer, the shift appears larger, and vice versa.
A good title for this passage might be

8. Why is it important to explore and understand the Solar System? Because the third planet from the Sun is our home: Earth is the only place yet discovered where living organisms and intelligent life exist, or have ever existed.
According to the passage, Earth is

9. Probably the strangest primate is the aye-aye of Madagascar. About the size of a cat with enormous, hairless ears, the aye-aye climbs through trees by moonlight listening for larvae beneath tree bark. When it hears a squirming treat, it uses a thin, elongated finger to scoop the meal out of the bark.
Based on the passage, it’s safe to assume that the aye-aye

10. A moment’s reflection reveals that much human behavior occurs in group settings: the family, school, club, church, military unit, and so forth. These group settings automatically imply interactions with other people. The way in which we interact with others such as our friends, parents, siblings, and coworkers affects our moods and much of what we do.
According to the passage,

11. The three-day festival called Kivgiq, hosted by Inupiat natives of North Alaska, centered on dances performed by members of many communities across Arctic Canada and Alaska. As I watched, I learned that the feast and the dances were much more than just a big party: They were reminders of an ancient code, an ancient way of life that was important to get right because it kept people alive.
Based on the passage, it’s safe to assume that Kivgiq is

12. In the last 50 years, spacecraft have flown past or orbited all of the major planets, landed on the Moon, Mars, Titan and an asteroid, and brought back samples of Moon rock, the solar wind, asteroid and comet dust. This era of robotic and human exploration has revolutionized scientists’ knowledge of our corner of the Galaxy, and further astounding revelations are expected in the decades to come.
According to the passage, spacecraft have landed on

13. Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He surveyed the fence, and all gladness left him and a deep melancholy settled down upon his spirit. Thirty yards of board fence nine feet high. Life to him seemed hollow, and existence but a burden. Sighing, he dipped his brush and passed it along the topmost plank; repeated the operation; did it again; compared the insignificant whitewashed streak with the far-reaching continent of unwhitewashed fence, and sat down on a tree-box discouraged.
Based on the passage, you can assume that

14. The South Lyon Hotel, tucked away on the corner of Lafayette and Whipple, burned on June 22. The hotel, which was built in August of 1867, has been through at least two previous fires. Nearby residents tried to stop the blaze, but ultimately, the entire second floor of the building was consumed by flames; the first floor suffered significant water damage.
According to the passage, the South Lyon Hotel

15. The basic geometrical method they used was called parallax. This involved measurement of the apparent shift in position of an object when viewed from two different locations. To illustrate this, hold one finger upright in front of your nose and close first one eye and then the other. The finger seems to shift position against the background, although it is, of course, stationary. When the finger is moved closer, the shift appears larger, and vice versa.
A good title for this passage might be

16. Your AFQT scores are ranked by percentile. Your own percentile shows the percentage of people taking the test who scored at or below the same score. For example, if you get an AFQT score of 93, it means you performed as well as (or better than) 93 percent of the people tested from the original reference group.
According to the passage, an AFQT score of 93

17. Biologically, humanity needs to know itself if it’s going to make good decisions about everything from medicine to genetically engineering food crops; that knowledge comes from anthropology. And culturally, knowledge of our past can help us understand what we are today, for better and worse; that knowledge, today, also comes from the field of anthropology.
A good title for this passage might be

18. First, the scientist makes observations about the relationships among variables (such as air temperature and its effect on water). She then forms a hypothesis, or a statement about what effects she believes those variables will have on one another. (For example, she may hypothesize that exposure to cold air will cause water to freeze.) To test her hypothesis, she performs experiments to see whether her predictions are correct.
According to the passage,

19. Circles of big stones like Stonehenge were rebuilt so that the sun’s position with respect to the stones would indicate the day of longest sunlight and the day of shortest sunlight. Between these days there was an optimum time to harvest the crops before fall, when plants dried up and leaves fell from the trees. The winter solstice, when the days began to get longer was cause for celebration. In the next season, there was an optimum time to plant seeds so they could spring up from the ground as new growth. So farming gave rise to the concept of a year.
According to the passage,

20. The encyclopedia was a favorite among scholars during the Middle Ages. The earliest encyclopedias — inspired by the Greeks — included information on past culture and enabled the current culture to move forward. Even today, Europeans rely on encyclopedias for lessons from the past, both in formal and informal instruction, and the youngest students are able to find information cataloged in these wonderful inheritances from the past.
According to the passage, the encyclopedia

21. In the last 50 years, spacecraft have flown past or orbited all of the major planets, landed on the Moon, Mars, Titan and an asteroid, and brought back samples of Moon rock, the solar wind, asteroid and comet dust. This era of robotic and human exploration has revolutionized scientists’ knowledge of our corner of the Galaxy, and further astounding revelations are expected in the decades to come.
According to the passage, spacecraft have landed on

22. A moment’s reflection reveals that much human behavior occurs in group settings: the family, school, club, church, military unit, and so forth. These group settings automatically imply interactions with other people. The way in which we interact with others such as our friends, parents, siblings, and coworkers affects our moods and much of what we do.
According to the passage,

23. He lived simply, but had apparently enough money to allow his daughters the privileges of gentlewomen, and they went to all the dances and balls in the neighborhood, and paid frequent visits to their brothers’ houses for weeks at a time.
From this passage, it’s safe to assume that

24. Some might argue that Gordie Howe was the best hockey player in the history of the sport. He spent his first 25 seasons with the Detroit Red Wings and earned the nickname “Mr. Hockey.” He held several hockey scoring records until Wayne Gretzky broke them in the 1980s, but nobody has been able to touch his records for most games and seasons played.
According to the passage,

25. Huckleberry was cordially hated and dreaded by all the mothers of the town, because he was idle and lawless and vulgar and bad—and because all their children admired him so, and delighted in his forbidden society, and wished they dared to be like him. Tom was like the rest of the respectable boys, in that he envied Huckleberry his gaudy outcast condition, and was under strict orders not to play with him. So he played with him every time he got a chance.
According to the passage, mothers didn’t want their children playing with Huckleberry because