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The Chemistry of Life
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The Chemistry of Life
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25 Questions

1.
water moves up small tubes because of adhesion and cohesion

2.
negatively charged particle found orbiting outside the nucleus of an atom

3.
*Organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and store food energy until needed (Fats)

4.
2 hydrogen + 1 oxygen

5. Chemical reactions that take place inside the cells of living things.

6.
caused by the attraction between water molecules (hydrogen bonds)
high surface tension allows insects to walk on water

7.
A biological macromolecule (DNA or RNA) that controls cell activities by directing the synthesis (making) or proteins
Chromosomes are made of DNA which forms the genetic code-genes

8. CHONPS
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur

9.
water dissolves many substances due to its polarity; important for biological functions such as moving nutrients and getting rid of wastes

10.
non-metal that can from 4 bonds with other elements

11.
This is

12.
absorbs heat when it evaporates; sweat allows body to get rid of heat when it evaporates from skin

13. break down polymers we eat into monomers that can be absorbed and used by the body

14.
A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules

15.
A large molecule composed of repeating structural units or monomers.

16.
A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

17.
*composed of 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol molecule
*can be solids (lard, wax) or liquid (oils)

18.
build body structures (hair, nails, cartilage)
transport gasses (hemoglobin)
movement (muscle fibers)
defense (antibodies)
regulation of cell functions (hormones and enzymes)

19. high specific heat = can absorb a lot of heat without temp change ex. ocean stabilizes land and air temperatures
think desert -> little water = very hot day and very cold night

20.
an organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen

21.
A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.

22.
the place on the enzyme where the substrate attaches-- docking station

23.
smallest particle of matter that has the characteristics of its element

24.
a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon
ex. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

25.
Macromolecules made by linking together monomers called amino acids joined by peptide bonds

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