Owls eat rats, mice, shrews, and small birds. Assume that, over a period of time, an owl consumes 5,000 J of animal material. The owl loses 2,300 J in feces and owl pellets and uses 2,500 J for cellular respiration. What is the primary efficiency of this owl?

Ecosystem restoration is the process of helping an ecosystem recover after it has been damaged, destroyed, or degraded. Ecosystems are dynamic communities of plants, animals, and microorganisms that interact with their physical environment as a functional unit.

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