1. In plants, which of the following are produced by meiosis?

2. In which of the following taxa does the mature sporophyte depend completely on the gametophyte for nutrition?

3. Which event during the evolution of land plants probably made the synthesis of secondary compounds most beneficial?

4. Which of the following is a true statement about plant reproduction?

5. Which of the following statements is true of archegonia?

6. Microphylls are found in which plant group?

7. In animal cells and in the meristem cells of land plants, the nuclear envelope disintegrates during mitosis. This disintegration does not occur in the cells of most protists and fungi. According to our current knowledge of plant evolution, which group of organisms should feature mitosis most similar to that of land plants?

8. As is true of the gametophytes of all land plants, the gametophytes of true mosses lack stomata. Yet, the feather moss Pleurozium harbors nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Which of the following is a feature of moss gametophytes that is most important for the continued survival of these cyanobacteria in the tissues of the feather moss gametophyte?

9. Evidence indicates that plants increase the number of stomata in their leaves as atmospheric CO2 levels decline. Increasing the number of stomata per unit surface area should have the effect of doing which of the following? 1.increasing dehydration of leaf tissues 2.decreasing dehydration of leaf tissues 3.countering the effect of declining CO2 on photosynthesis 4.reinforcing the effect of declining CO2 on photosynthesis 5.decreasing the O2 content of air next to the leaves lower than it would otherwise be 6.increasing the O2 content of air next to the leaves higher than it would otherwise be

10. You are hiking in a forest and come upon a mysterious plant, which you determine is either a lycophyte sporophyte or a pterophyte sporophyte. Which of the following would be most helpful in determining the correct classification of the plant?

11. What is thought to be the correct sequence of the following events during the Carboniferous period? 1.vascular plants become more prevalent 2.megaphylls with large surface areas become more prevalent 3.atmospheric CO2 levels decline by a factor of five 4.global cooling occurs, leading to widespread glaciations

12. Beginning with the germination of a moss spore, what is the sequence of structures that develop after germination? 1.embryo 2.gametes 3.sporophyte 4.protonema 5.gametophore

13. Structurally, phragmoplasts should be most similar to

14. Arrange the following terms from most inclusive to least inclusive. 1.embryophytes 2.green plants 3.seedless vascular plants 4.ferns 5.tracheophytes

15. Which of the following should have had gene sequences most similar to the charophyte that was the common ancestor of the land plants?

16. Which taxon is essentially equivalent to the 'embryophytes'?

17. If a fern gametophyte is a hermaphrodite (that is, has both male and female gametangia on the same plant), then it

18. Which of the following was not a challenge for survival of the first land plants?

19. If you are looking for structures that transfer water and nutrients from a bryophyte gametophyte to a bryophyte sporophyte, then on which part of the sporophyte should you focus your attention?

20. On a field trip, a student in a marine biology class collects an organism that has differentiated organs, cell walls of cellulose, and chloroplasts with chlorophyll a. Based on this description, the organism could be a brown alga, a red alga, a green alga, a charophyte recently washed into the ocean from a freshwater or brackish water source, or a land plant washed into the ocean. The presence of which of the following features would definitively identify this organism as a land plant?

21. If humans had been present to build log structures during the Carboniferous period (they weren't), which plant types would have been suitable sources of logs?

22. Given its composition and location, the phragmoplast should be directly involved in the

23. A student encounters a pondweed which, judging from its appearance, seems to be a charophyte. She brings a sample back to her biology lab. Using only a compound light microscope to study the sample, which of the following features should help her to determine whether the sample comes from a charophyte or from some other type of green alga? 1.molecular structure of enzymes inside peroxisomes 2.structure of sperm cells 3.presence of phragmoplasts 4.rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes

24. Suppose an efficient conducting system evolved in a moss that could transport water and other materials as high as a tall tree. Which of the following statements about 'trees' of such a species would not be true?

25. Which of the following is true of seedless vascular plants?