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PCAT Biology Reproduction
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PCAT Biology Reproduction
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25 Questions

1. Mass of cells formed when the zygote divides

2. Female gonads that produce oocytes

3. Nuclear membrane forms around each new nucleus -at this point - each chromosome still consists of sister chromatids joined at the centromere

4. Large cell containing most of the cytoplasm - RNA - organelles - and nutrients needed by a developing embryo

5. Meristems provide a source of cells that can develop into an adult plant -can occur naturally or through human intervention -advantagous because it introduces no genetic variation and is a rapid form of reproduction

6. Nuclear division and followed by cell division

7. Can be fertilized during the 12-24hr after ovulation -occurs in the lateral - widest portion of the fallopian tube -sperm must travel through the vaginal canal - cervix - uterus - and into the fallopian tubes to reach the ovum

8. Eggs

9. Specialized cells with hard coverings that prevent loss of water

10. Part of embryo that develops from the outer covering of the ovule

11. Tail of sperm -propels the sperm - whereas mitochondria in the neck and body provide energy the locomotion

12. The embryonic undifferentiated cells that growth in higher plants are restricted to -undergo active cell reproduction

13. Near the end of telophase - the cytoplasm divides into two daughter cells - each wit a complete nucleus and its own set of organelles -In animal cells - a cleavage furrow forms - and the cell membrane indents along the equator of the cell and finally

14. Egg

15. Similar to mitosis in that a cell duplicates its chromosomes before undergoing the process -whereas mitosis preserves the diploid number of the cell - meiosis produces the haploid (1N) number - having the number of chromosomes

16. Chromosomes condense - and the centriole pairs (in animals) separate and move towards the opposite poles of the cell. the spindle apparatus forms between them - and the nuclear membrane dissolves - allowing the spindle fibers to interact with the chr

17. Causes the glands of the endometrium to mature and produce secretions that prepare it for the implantation of an embryo -essential for the maintenance of the endometrium

18. Releases spores form the undersides of its leaves that develop into small heart-shaped gametophytes

19. Occurs in vertebrates that reproduce in water (fish and amphibians) -female lays eggs in water and male deposits sperm in the vicinity -lack of direct passage of sperm from male to female reduces chances of fertilization considerably

20. Fibers of the spindle apparatus attach to each chromatid at the centromere to align the chromosomes at the center of the cell (equator)

21. Production of functional sex cells by adult organisms -fertilization forms a zygote -development of the zygote into another adult - completing the cycle

22. Diploid cells of spermatogonia

23. Muscular chamber which is the site of fetal development

24. Begins with the cessation of the menstrual flow from the previous cycle -FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) from the anterior pituitary promotes the development of the follicle - which grows and begins secreting estrogen

25. Produces two intermediate daughter cells with N chromosomes with sister chromatids

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