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Basic Chemistry Practice Test: Chemical Equilibrium
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Chemical equilibrium is a state in which the concentrations of reactants and products in a chemical reaction do not change over time. This state is also known as dynamic equilibrium.  Here are some characteristics of chemical equilibrium: Forward and backward reactions: In a reversible reaction, the forward and backward reactions occur at the same speed. Constancy: At equilibrium, certain properties like concentration, density, pressure, and color remain constant. Fixed concentrations: At equilibrium, each reactant and product has a fixed concentration. Equilibrium constant: The ratio of... Show more
Basic Chemistry Practice Test: Chemical Equilibrium
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25 Questions

1. Consider the following reaction at equilibrium. 2CO2 (g) 2CO (g) + O2 (g) ΔH° = -514 kJ Le Chätelier's principle predicts that the equilibrium partial pressure of CO (g) can be maximized by carrying out the reaction __________.
2. Consider the following reaction at equilibrium:
2C O2 (g) 2CO (g) + O2 (g) ΔH° = -514 kJ Le Chätelier's principle predicts that an increase in temperature will __________.
3. In an exothermic equilibrium reaction, increasing the reaction temperature favors the formation of reactants.
4. TheKp for the reaction below is 1.49 × 108 at 100 °C:
CO (g) + Cl2 (g) . COCl2 (g)
In an equilibrium mixture of the three gases, PCO = Cl2 P = 8.60 × 10-4 atm. The partial pressure of the product, phosgene (COCl2 ) , is __________ atm.
5. Consider the following equilibrium. 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 S O3 (g) The equilibrium cannot be established when __________ is/are placed in a 1.0-L container.
6. In the coal-gasification process, carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide via the following reaction:
CO (g) + H2O (g) CO2 (g) + H2 (g)
In an experiment, 0.35 mol of CO and 0.40 mol of H2O were placed in a 1.00-L reaction vessel. At equilibrium, there were 0.19 mol of CO remaining. Keq at the temperature of the experiment is __________.
7. At 200 °C, the equilibrium constant (Kp) for the reaction below is 2.40 × 103. 2NO (g) N2 (g) + O2 (g) A closed vessel is charged with 36.1 atm of NO. At equilibrium, the partial pressure of O2 is __________ atm.
8. Dinitrogentetraoxide partially decomposes according to the following equilibrium:
N2O4 (g) . 2NO2 (g) A 1.000-L flask is charged with 3.00 × 10-2 mol of N2O4 . At equilibrium, 2.36 × 10-2 mol of N2O4 remains. Keq for this reaction is __________.
9. What role did Karl Bosch play in development of the Haber-Bosch process?
10. The equilibrium constant for the gas phase reaction N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g) is Keq = 4.34 × 10-3 at 300 °C. At equilibrium, __________.
11. The Keq for the equilibrium below is 7.52 × 10-2 at 480 °C. 2Cl2 (g) + 2H2O (g) 4HCl (g) + O2 (g) What is the value of Keq at this temperature for the following reaction? 4HCl (g) + O2 (g) 2Cl2 (g) + 2H2O (g)
12. A reaction vessel is charged with hydrogen iodide, which partially decomposes to molecular hydrogen and iodine:
2HI (g) H2(g) + I2(g) When the system comes to equilibrium at 425 °C, PHI = 0.708 atm, and PH2 = PI2 = 0.0960 atm . The value of Kp at this temperature is __________.
13. The effect of a catalyst on a chemical reaction is to react with product, effectively removing it and shifting the equilibrium to the right.
14. Kp = 0.0198 at 721 K for the reaction 2HI (g) H2 (g) + I2 (g)
In a particular experiment, the partial pressures of H2 and I2 at equilibrium are 0.710 and 0.888 atm, respectively. The partial pressure of HI is __________ atm.
15. Which one of the following is true concerning the Haber process?
16. The equilibrium constant (Kp) for the interconversion of PCl5 and PCl3 is 0.0121:
PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) A vessel is charged with PCl5 , giving an initial pressure of 0.123 atm. At equilibrium, the partial pressure of PCl3 is__________ atm.
17. At 900 K, the equilibrium constant (Kp) for the following reaction is 0.345. 2SO2 + O2 (g) . 2SO3 (g) At equilibrium, the partial pressure of SO2 is 35.0 atm and that of O2 is 15.9 atm. The partial pressure of SO3 is__________ atm.
18. Consider the following reaction at equilibrium:
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g) ΔH° = -99 kJ Le Chätelier's principle predicts that an increase in temperature will result in __________.
19. Consider the following reaction at equilibrium:
2CO2 (g) 2CO (g) + O2 (g) ΔH° = -514 kJ Le Chätelier's principle predicts that adding O2 (g) to the reaction container will __________.
20. At 1000 K, the equilibrium constant for the reaction 2NO (g) + Br2 (g) 2NOBr (g) is Kp = 0.013. Calculate Kp for the reverse reaction, 2NOBr (g) 2NO (g) + Br2 (g).
21. Acetic acid is a weak acid that dissociates into the acetate ion and a proton in aqueous solution:
HC2H3O2 (aq) C2H3O2- (aq) + H+ (aq) At equilibrium at 25 °C a 0.100 M solution of acetic acid has the following concentrations:
[HC2H3O2 ] = 0.0990 M, -3 [C2H3O2 -] = 1.33 × 10 M and [H+ ] = 1.33 × 10-3 M. The equilibrium constant, Keq, for the ionization of acetic acid at 25 °C is __________.
22. A sealed 1.0 L flask is charged with 0.500 mol of I2 and 0.500 mol of Br2 . An equilibrium reaction ensues:
I2 (g) + Br2 (g) 2IBr (g) When the container contents achieve equilibrium, the flask contains 0.84 mol of IBr. The value of Keq is __________.
23. Phosphorous trichloride and phosphorous pentachloride equilibrate in the presence of molecular chlorine according to the reaction:
PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) . PCl5 (g) An equilibrium mixture at 450 K contains PCl3 P = 0.202 atm, Cl2 P = 0.256 atm, and PCl5 P = 3.45 atm. What is the value of Kp at this temperature?
24. The value of Keq for the following reaction is 0.25:
SO2 (g) + NO2 (g) SO3 (g) + NO (g) The value of Keq at the same temperature for the reaction below is __________. 2SO2 (g) + 2NO2 (g) 2SO3 (g) + 2NO (g)
25. Consider the following chemical reaction:
H2 (g) + I2 (g) 2HI (g) At equilibrium in a particular experiment, the concentrations of H2 , I2 , and HI were 0.15 M, 0.033 M, and 0.55 M respectively. The value of Keq for this reaction is __________.