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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Handling Environmental Emergencies
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Environmental emergencies can include a variety of patient presentations, such as heat and cold exposure, toxic envenomation, exposure to allergens, and noxious plants.  Here are some symptoms of environmental emergencies: Hyperthermia: Elevated core temperature, muscle cramps, altered mental status, weakness, headache, nausea or vomiting, rapid, strong pulse at first, which deteriorates into thready pulse, deep, rapid breathing at first, which deteriorates into shallow and weak breathing, skin that is cool and moist during early stages, skin that is hot at late stages,... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Handling Environmental Emergencies
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25 Questions

1. The EMT should recognize heat cramps as the probable cause of a patient's problem when the patient states:
2. The EMT would recognize that a hypothermic patient's condition is deteriorating when he observes:
3. Which sign or symptom best indicates that the patient with cold skin is experiencing generalized hypothermia?
4. You are transporting a 44-year-old male patient who was stung multiple times by fire ants. Which of these statements made by the patient should concern you most?
5. You are called to treat a homeless person who complains of an inability to walk due to sores and numbness of his feet. The EMR tells you that the patient is well oriented with good pulses and respiration but that his feet are edematous with open sores and broken-down skin. This finding is the typical result of which condition?
6. A 23-year-old female patient has been stung in the right arm by some unidentified marine life. Her arm and hand are swollen and red. The primary assessment is unremarkable and she is complaining of pain to the site of injury. You would:
7. You are called to a construction site on a hot and humid day for a male patient with a heat emergency. On scene, you find a 49-year-old man who is responsive to verbal stimuli. Coworkers state that the patient had been moving concrete blocks all day in the hot weather and had not rested, eaten, or had anything to drink in the past two hours. During the primary assessment, you note the patient's airway to be open and breathing rapid but adequate. His radial pulse is rapid and bounding, and his skin is hot and dry. Which of these findings makes this patient a priority for immediate and rapid transport?
8. You are treating a male patient who is hypothermic. What should you do to decrease heat loss caused by radiation?
9. During an in-service program, your medical director asks if anyone can tell her the cause of heat cramps. What response would be most appropriate?
10. You have been called to a football practice field on a very hot day for a heat-related emergency. On scene, you find a young male patient panting and lying under a tree. His skin is flushed, and teammates are continually wiping the sweat off his face, arms, and chest with towels. Which of these statements to his teammates would be most appropriate?
11. The EMT shows that he understands the danger of heat stroke when he states:
12. When treating a confused patient who has been exposed to high temperatures, which of these findings is most concerning?
13. Which of these conditions, in addition to cool temperatures, is necessary for trench foot to develop?
14. As an EMT working at a mountain resort, you are presented with a 50-year-old female who states that she does not feel well. From your assessment, which of these findings would seemingly indicate that the patient is being adversely affected by the high altitude?
15. Which of these statements made by your EMT partner would require immediate correction when treating a patient with hypothermia and a deep freezing cold injury to his left foot, ankle, and lower leg?
16. A person is in a hot environment and his body is successfully compensating to off-load excess heat. Which assessment findings best illustrate this process?
17. A patient has been bitten by a nonpoisonous grass snake. Your care would include:
18. You are called for an elderly woman who has slipped on the ice. On arrival, you find her supine on an icy sidewalk and responsive to painful stimuli with decorticate posturing (flexion). She has blood coming from a laceration on the back of her head and is breathing agonally at 4 times a minute. What should you do immediately?
19. In addition to brain injury from the high voltage and amperage, the patient who experiences a lightning strike also typically develops:
20. Which thermometer should be utilized by an EMT when assessing the temperature of a patient with hypothermia?
21. A patient who is conscious and breathing has been pulled from a stream of cold water. To decrease her loss of heat via the mechanism of conduction, the EMT should immediately:
22. When moving a patient with severe generalized hypothermia, which of these instructions is most appropriate to relay to your fellow EMS providers?
23. Which of these findings would present earliest in a patient with hypothermia?
24. You are caring for a patient with an extensive freezing cold injury to his right hand and arm. Which of these instructions would be appropriate to give to your EMT partner?
25. Medical direction has ordered you to begin rewarming an unresponsive patient with a core temperature of 93°F. Which of these measures would most benefit this patient?