1. A patient informs you that he was recently diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The surgeon did not want to operate on the aneurysm immediately because he felt it was stable and not worth the risks that surgery posed. Tonight, the patient states that he suddenly developed abdominal pain and wants to be evaluated in the hospital to see if the AAA has increased in size. Given this history, which of these assessment findings would cause the EMT to suspect that the AAA is the cause of the abdominal pain?

2. A 26-year-old female patient complains of abdominal pain. The pain is generalized to her abdomen and worsens when walking. She also tells you that she is having a foul-smelling, yellow-colored vaginal discharge. The primary assessment reveals no threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation. Her vital signs are pulse, 104; respirations, 16 breaths/min; blood pressure, 108/60 mmHg; and oral temperature of 102.1°F. She finished her last menstrual period three days ago. Which condition do you suspect?

3. You have been called to a local nursing home for a restless patient with a four-day history of diarrhea. The primary assessment reveals an open airway, rapid breathing, and a weak and rapid radial pulse. Vital signs are pulse, 124; respirations, 24 breaths/min; blood pressure, 100/86 mmHg; and SpO2, 95%. The patient is confused with a history of Alzheimer's dementia. For this patient, it is most important to evaluate for:

4. A patient with a kidney stone would most likely complain of:

5. Which of these assessment findings would help convince the EMT that a patient with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding is experiencing a spontaneous abortion (miscarriage)?

6. Assessment of a 21-year-old female patient reveals her to have severe abdominal pain localized to the right upper quadrant. She is alert and oriented, and her vital signs are stable. After you place her supine on the stretcher, the patient quickly assumes a lateral recumbent position with her knees drawn up to her chest. Which response from the EMT would be appropriate?

7. A patient who has just been raped states that she will not go with you to the hospital until she showers and cleans herself up. As an EMT, what is your best response?

8. When you are obtaining a medical history from a female patient with abdominal pain, she tells you that she has endometriosis. As an EMT, you know that this condition describes:

9. Which sign or symptom would reinforce the EMT's suspicion that a patient with a history of pancreatitis is having an exacerbation of the disease?

10. A 26-year-old patient with hemophilia fell in his garage, cutting his arm on a nail protruding from a door frame. Emergency Medical Responders are on scene holding a blood- soaked towel on his right forearm that is still bleeding. The patient is alert and oriented with a pale complexion. The EMRs report a pulse of 98, respirations of 18 breaths/min, blood pressure of 142/66 mmHg, and SpO2 of 99% on room air. Your initial priority in caring for this patient is:

11. A 38-year-old female patient was violently raped at a party where drugs were being abused. The patient is conscious, upset, and actively bleeding from the vaginal canal. As an EMT, your best care would involve:

12. When transporting a patient with an indwelling catheter and bag, which of these actions is appropriate?

13. On scene, a 45-year-old female patient tells you that her current abdominal pain felt similar to a previous small bowel obstruction, so she called for EMS much earlier than the first episode. During your assessment, which signs or symptoms would agree with her assessment?

14. The EMT knows that the abdomen is located:

15. Along with immunocompromised patients, which other age group(s) may have a vague presentation of an abdominal pathology due specifically to a depressed inflammatory response?

16. Hemophilia is a blood disorder in which the:

17. The EMT has an accurate understanding of the solid organs contained within the abdomen when she states:

18. A middle-aged female patient has dialed 911 for an abdominal emergency. On scene, she informs you she has a 'bad gallbladder' and it has been increasingly bothering her, so she needs transport to the hospital for further care. Your assessment reveals tenderness and mild discomfort to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The patient also states that her right shoulder is aching. Given the patient's complaint, the EMT would recognize the shoulder pain as:

19. The EMT would recognize the profession of urology as applying to:

20. Which of these assessment findings for a patient complaining of abdominal and back pain would raise the most concern in the EMT?

21. Which of these statement is true regarding a female who has had both ovaries removed?

22. A female patient has developed bacterial peritonitis after sustaining blunt trauma to the abdomen. Damage to which organ was most likely responsible for this condition?

23. A patient with a history of renal failure, among other things, has an impairment in the ability to:

24. Which of these conditions would the EMT recognize as an acute abdominal emergency?

25. Which of these statements is true concerning the functions of the vagina?