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MCAT Biochemistry Questions

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Biochemistry Subjects To Study For The MCAT are:
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins
Biological Membranes
Carbohydrate metabolism
Carbohydrate structure
DNA and RNA
Enzymes
Lipids and lipid metabolism
Nonenzymatic proteins
Regulation of metabolism

MCAT Biochemistry Questions

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25 Questions

1. What is the 5th step of Glycolysis?

Tollen's Reagent is [Ag(NH3)2]+. It must be freshly prepared when it is desired by mixing silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce silver oxide (Ag2O). Silver oxide is then dissolved in ammonia to produce the Tollen's reagent. The tollen's reagent is reduced to produce a silvery mirror when aldehydes are present.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sStructural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.

2. Describe the second step of the Citric Acid Cycle

Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sTollen's Reagent is [Ag(NH3)2]+. It must be freshly prepared when it is desired by mixing silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce silver oxide (Ag2O). Silver oxide is then dissolved in ammonia to produce the Tollen's reagent. The tollen's reagent is reduced to produce a silvery mirror when aldehydes are present.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.

3. What is the role of structural proteins?

Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sCitrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Tollen's Reagent is [Ag(NH3)2]+. It must be freshly prepared when it is desired by mixing silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce silver oxide (Ag2O). Silver oxide is then dissolved in ammonia to produce the Tollen's reagent. The tollen's reagent is reduced to produce a silvery mirror when aldehydes are present.

4. What is Tollen's Reagent?

Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sTollen's Reagent is [Ag(NH3)2]+. It must be freshly prepared when it is desired by mixing silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce silver oxide (Ag2O). Silver oxide is then dissolved in ammonia to produce the Tollen's reagent. The tollen's reagent is reduced to produce a silvery mirror when aldehydes are present.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.

5. How do Insulin and Glucagon interact with Glycolysis in the liver?

Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sCitrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Insulin and Glucagon act on an enzyme called Phosphofructose Kinase 2 (PFK2) which converts Fructose 6-P into Fructose 2,6-bis P. Fructose 2,6-bis P activates PFK 1. Insulin increases the activity of PFK 2, which increases Fructose 2,6-bis P, which leads to an increase in PFK1 activity. Glucagon has the exact opposite effect on PFK 2.

6. How does debranching of glycogen occur?

Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sCitrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.1. The closest a-1,4 bond is cleaved and transfered to a different chain by a-1,4 transferase. 2. The single a-1,6 bond is cleaved by a-1,6 glucosidase. This step is interesting because the glucose liberated is an actual glucose, not a phosphorylated glucose.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.

7. Which base pair is stronger, A-T or C-G?

Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sC-G is stronger because it is composed of three hydrogen bonds instead of just two.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.

8. What are terpenes?

Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sA class of lipids built from isoprene units. They are produced mainly by plants and insects. They are generally strongly scented and they are precursors to steroids.

9. If the pH is higher than the pKa of a group, then the group will be [protonated or deprotonated?]

The group will be protonatedStructural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P's

10. What are the three main control points of the citric acid cycle?

Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P's1. Citrate Synthase (step 1) 2. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (step 3) 3. A-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (step 4)

11. What is a Haworth Projection?

Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sCitrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.A 3 dimensional representation of a cyclic sugar.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.

12. What is catabolism?

13. How do unsaturated fatty acids affect the membrane?

Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Generally speaking, unsaturated fatty acids are not able to stack very well, which decreases their intermolecular forces. Therefore, unsaturated fatty acids decrease the rigidity of the membrane and make it more flexible.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P's

14. What is a symporter?

Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sStructural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.A symporter is a secondary active transport system that pushes both molecules in the same direction.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.

15. What is denaturation?

Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sCitrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.The process by which a protein loses its tertiary structure. This is usually accomplished through disruption of the bonds that hold tertiary structure together.

16. What is a ketose?

Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sA ketose is a carbohydrate that containes a ketone group as its highest priority group.

17. What is an aldose?

An aldose is a carbohydrate that contains an aldehyde group as its highest priority group.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sStructural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.

18. How do carbohydrates cyclize?

19. What are the two forms of nucleic acids in the eukaryotes?

Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 2. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P's

20. What are the three types of point mutations?

Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P's1. Silent Mutation 2. Missense Mutation 3. Nonsense MutationCitrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.

21. What is an enantiomer?

Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sA molecule with a mirror image exact opposite configuration of the molecule in question.

22. Describe Elongation.

Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sStructural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.First, the appropriate tRNA will enter the A-site of the complete ribosome. Second, GTP is used to transfer the polypeptide from the tRNA in the P site to the tRNA in the A site. Third, GTP is used to move the tRNA from the P site into the E site, and the tRNA in the A site to the P site. This also moves the ribosome one codon down the mRNA. Fourth/First, the tRNA leaves the E site and the next appropriate tRNA binds the A site.

23. Is aerobic metabolism 100% efficient?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sStructural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.

24. What is Tubulin?

Citrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sStructural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.The protein that makes up microtubules. MIcrotubules are important for providing structure, chromosome separation in mitosis and meiosis, and intracellular transport with kinesin and dynein. Tubulin, like actin, has polarity: The negative end is usally closer to the nucleus and the positive end is usually in the periphery of a cell. \"

25. What are Aspartic Acid's structure, character, three letter abbreviation, and one letter abbreviation?

An acidic/negatively charged amino acid.Glyceraldehyde 3-P is the only molecule that can continue down the glycolytic pathway, and so the DHAP molecule from the cleavage of Fructose 1,6 -bis P is converted into Glyceraldehyde 3-P by an Isomerase for a total of two Glyceraldehyde 3-P'sCitrate is isomerized to Isocitrate in two quick steps by Aconitase. Aconitase is a metalloprotein that requires Fe2+ to work.Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.

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All trademarks, logos and brand names are the property of their respective owners. All company, product and service names used in this website are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, trademarks and brands does not imply endorsement.

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Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
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