MCAT Biology 2
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MCAT Biology 2
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25 Questions

1. Strong connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than bone

2. This poison that can carru protons across inner membrane; uncouples the electron transport chain from the proton gradient established across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

3. A stable complex of hemoglobin and carbon monoxide that prevents normal oxygen uptake in the blood.

4. A type of glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex. It converts amino acids to glucose - helps to breakdown fats to fatty acids. Decreases glucose uptake by the muscles and increases blood sugar in response to stress. Strong anti - inflammatory

5. The smallest branches that the bronchi divide into. Considering the amount of cartilaginous reinforcements in the walls decreases as the size decreases - these have an increasing amount of smooth muscle the smaller they become

6. Respond to water - soluble and lipid - soluble substances that are dissolved in the surrounding fluid. They monitor the chemical composition of body fluids

7. The part of the large intestine that ascends from the cecum to the transverse colon

8. Source: Adrenal cortex - Target Tissues: Kidneys - Function: Raise blood volume - bp - and salts in blood - Stimulus to release: low bp - blood volume - or low salt concentration - Regulated: Negative feedback - ANF hypothalamus hierarchy

9. Made from cholesterol. Composed of 4 carbon rings attached to distinctive side chains that determine the unique properties of the hormones. Hydrophobic and fat soluble.

10. An energy storage molecule used by muscle tissue. The phosphate from creatine phosphate can be removed and attached to an ADP to generate ATP quickly.

11. Produce about 60% of seminal fluid - these are located at the posterior wall of the urinary bladder close to the terminus of the ductus deferens. They produce a substance that nourishes the sperm passing through the tract or that promote the fertiliz

12. The process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells

13. In the testes - these cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the hormone testosterone

14. Adaptive immune response directed at antigenic components of the persons own body

15. Condition that occurs when the pancreas produces too little insulin - resulting in an increase in the level of blood glucose

16. A cell model that exhibits the most important characteristics of many distinctive cell types

17. A chemical cycle involving eight steps that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide; occurs within the mitochondrion; the second major stage in cellular respiration.

18. A vessel in Which blood circulates

19. The path molecules travel when an imbalance between separated molecule concentrations exists

20. The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum

21. The substance acted upon by an enzyme or ferment

22. The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.

23. Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

24. Parasite that cannot multiply unless it invades a specific host cell and instructs its genetic and metabolic machinery to make an release quantities of new viruses

25. Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.

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