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Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
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Some common alterations of renal and urinary tract function in children include: Hydronephrosis: A blockage that causes urine to back up into the kidney, making it appear enlarged on an ultrasound Reflux: A valve-like mechanism at the point where the ureter joins the bladder doesn't work, allowing urine to wash back up into the kidney Ureteropelvic junction obstruction: A blockage in the area where the renal pelvis meets the ureters Ureterovesical junction obstruction: A blockage in the area where the ureter meets the bladder Multicystic dysplastic kidney: When fluid-filled sacs or cysts... Show more
Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
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18 Questions

1. A 7-year-old is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which sign would support this diagnosis?
2. A 2-year-old male is diagnosed with Wilms tumor. Which clinical condition is often associated with this disease?
3. If nephrotic syndrome is not caused initially by kidney disease, it is termed _____ nephrotic syndrome.
4. A nurse observes on the chart that a patient is admitted with Wilms tumors. A nurse knows the tumors are found in the:
5. Which of the following clusters of symptoms would support a child’s diagnosis of glomerulonephritis?
6. What term is used to describe a retrograde flow of urine from the urinary bladder into the ureters that is the cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
7. Physical examination of a newborn who dies shortly after birth reveals wide-set eyes, parrot-beak nose, low-set ears, and receding chin. These abnormalities support which diagnosis?
8. A 7-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for incontinence. His mother indicates that he has never been continent before. This history supports which form of enuresis?
9. A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. Tests reveal the deposition of immunoglobulin IgA in the glomerular capillaries. The nurse will monitor for recurrent:
10. Upon examination of a male infant, it is determined that the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis. The nurse will document this condition as:
11. Upon examination of a male infant, it is determined that the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis. The nurse will document this condition as:
12. The life expectancy of infants who are diagnosed with bilateral renal agenesis is expected to be:
13. A 5-year-old male was diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. History reveals that he had an infection 3 weeks before the onset of this condition. The infection was most likely located in the:
14. A 6-year-old male diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux is experiencing urine reflux from the urinary bladder into a grossly dilated ureter and calyces. This condition would be graded:
15. A 6-year-old male diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux is experiencing urine reflux from the urinary bladder into a grossly dilated ureter and calyces. This condition would be graded:
16. A nurse observes on the chart that a patient is admitted with Wilms tumors. A nurse knows the tumors are found in the:
17. When a child is admitted with acute renal failure, a clinician realizes the most common cause of acute renal failure is:
18. What term is used to describe a chronic renal failure caused by a lack of development of one of the kidneys?

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