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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Handling Environmental Emergencies
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Environmental emergencies can include a variety of patient presentations, such as heat and cold exposure, toxic envenomation, exposure to allergens, and noxious plants.  Here are some symptoms of environmental emergencies: Hyperthermia: Elevated core temperature, muscle cramps, altered mental status, weakness, headache, nausea or vomiting, rapid, strong pulse at first, which deteriorates into thready pulse, deep, rapid breathing at first, which deteriorates into shallow and weak breathing, skin that is cool and moist during early stages, skin that is hot at late stages,... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Handling Environmental Emergencies
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25 Questions

1. You have been called for an alert and oriented male patient. Upon your arrival, his roommate states that the patient spent several hours locked out of his house in the cold temperatures after an evening of drinking since no one was home and the patient lost his house keys. Since the primary and secondary assessments have ruled out immediate life-threatening conditions, you have decided to rewarm the patient. Which of these warming techniques would be most appropriate for this patient?
2. When treating a confused patient who has been exposed to high temperatures, which of these findings is most concerning?
3. A 43-year-old male patient has removed a tick from his arm prior to your arrival. He is refusing all care at this time. Which of these statements made by the EMT would be most appropriate?
4. A patient has been bitten by a nonpoisonous grass snake. Your care would include:
5. In addition to brain injury from the high voltage and amperage, the patient who experiences a lightning strike also typically develops:
6. When cooling a patient with possible heat stroke, which of these findings would be of most concern to the EMT?
7. Medical direction has asked you to remove a tick from behind the left ear of a 5-year-old girl. You would:
8. A 31-year-old groundskeeper has been stung by bees three times in his right arm and twice to his left ankle. After performing the primary and secondary assessments, which reveal no acute disturbances, what should you do next?
9. The primary center for controlling the temperature in the human body is located in the:
10. You have been called to a park for a teenage boy who is 'sick.' On scene, you find a 16- year-old male patient who knows his name but is confused about place and time. Friends state that they have been playing basketball most of the morning and afternoon. The temperature is in the 90s and the humidity is high. The patient's airway is patent and his breathing is fast but adequate. His pulse is weak and rapid. Observation of his skin reveals it to be pale, cool, and moist. Oxygen is being administered via nonrebreather face mask by Emergency First Responders. Which other step would be appropriate care for this patient?
11. In which of these settings will sweating be less effective as a means to cool the body?
12. You are caring for a patient with an extensive freezing cold injury to his right hand and arm. Which of these instructions would be appropriate to give to your EMT partner?
13. You are giving a talk on hunting safety. A hunter asks you when someone should attempt to rewarm a hand or foot that is frostbitten. What is your best response?
14. During an in-service program, your medical director asks if anyone can tell her the cause of heat cramps. What response would be most appropriate?
15. A person is in a hot environment and his body is successfully compensating to off-load excess heat. Which assessment findings best illustrate this process?
16. A young female patient was weeding her garden when she was bitten on her left hand by an unidentified snake. The primary assessment does not reveal any life threats and vital signs are stable. In caring for this patient and her injury, it is critical that the EMT:
17. You are first to arrive at the side of a pond where a boy playing hockey has fallen through the ice. The child is holding onto the ice at the edge of the break and has a distressed look on his face. Your immediate action would be to:
18. You have been called to a residence for a patient who is sick. On scene, the family tells you that the patient is being treated for 'stomach flu' and has had a fever of 102°F for the past two days. She has been taking all of the medications prescribed by her doctor, but this evening became very 'sweaty.' Assessment shows her to be stable with a pulse of 88, respirations of 18 breaths/min, adequate blood pressure of 128/68 mmHg, and an oral temperature of 100.2°F. Based on these data, the EMT should recognize that:
19. You have been asked by your medical director to put together an emergency kit specifically for patients who have been stung or bitten by small marine life animals. Which of these items should you place in that kit?
20. You are en route to the hospital with a patient who is unresponsive and has hot, dry skin. His friends state that the patient had been drinking and passed out in the hot sun for several hours before 911 was called. An Emergency Medical Responder is ventilating the patient with a bag- valve mask attached to supplemental oxygen. Which of these actions would be most beneficial to the patient next?
21. After ensuring that there are no life-threatening conditions to the airway, breathing, and circulation, the priority in caring for a patient with hypothermia is:
22. Consumption of large amounts of water during prolonged periods of exertion can result in which disorder?
23. The EMT should recognize heat cramps as the probable cause of a patient's problem when the patient states:
24. A 24-year-old female who was hiking in shorts informs you that she has been bitten by an insect on her leg. She states no other complaints. Assessment reveals a tick embedded in her leg. As an EMT, you should provide care to this patient by:
25. The EMT is correctly assessing the skin temperature of a patient who has been exposed to cold temperatures for an extended period of time when he:

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