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USMLE Gastrointestinal System Question Bank

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Avg score: 48% • Most missed: “Diarrhea preceded by antibiotics is associated with what pathology?”

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the system of organs that allows for the consumption and digestion of food, absorption of nutrients, and excretion of waste in the form of fecal matter.

USMLE Gastrointestinal System Question Bank

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25 Questions

1. What tumor marker is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma? 2. What is clinical presentation of HCC? 3. What usually causes HCC?

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'

2. What are common complications of ameobiasis?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscessesNonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease

3. What is common syndrome occuring after gastric bypass? 2. What can be done to mitigate this? 3. Briefly what is the pathophys of dumping syndrome?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease

4. What epithelium is in the esophagus?

'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease

5. 45 year old women: -Chronic fatigue -44 lb weight loss over last month -Tingling in her feet Upper endoscopy shows 1 x 1.5 ulcer(neoplastic appearing) in the distal lesser curvature of stomach. She has a her stomach resected. What is most likely association with this patients condition?

1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscessesPernicous anemia Causes atrophic gastritis --> increased risk for gastric carcinoma

6. Most common site for ulcerative colitis? 2. Distribution? 3. Spread? 4. Gross features 5. Micro? 6. Inflammation? 7. Complications? 8. genetic association? 9. Extraintestinal manifestations? 10. Cancer risk?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. Rectum 2. Rectum to colon sometimes ileitis (''back-wash'') 3. Continuous 4. Extensive ulceration, pseudopolyps 5. Crypt abscesses 6. Sub mucosa and mucosa only 7. Toxic megacolon 8. HLA-B27 9. -Arthritis -Ankylosing spondylitis -Primary sclerosing cholangitis -Erythema nodosum -Pyoderma gangrenosum -Uveitis 10. 5-25 %'1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'

7. What is leukoplakia? 2. What is RF for getting leukoplakia? 3. What is it associated with (complication) 4. What percentage become oral cancer?

1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. White oral plaque 2. Tabacco smoking 3. Hyperkeratosis and carcinoma 4. 20 %

8. What is a common cause of chronic pancreatitis? 2. What is the early presentation of chronic pancreatitis in regards to pancreatic function? 3. What is a late presentation of chronic pancreatitis in regards to pancreatic function? 4. What are the symptoms seen in the patient? 5. What is explanation for a patient having a prolonged PT with chronic pancreatitis but no evidence of hepatocellular function impairment?

1. Repeated bouts of acute pancreatitis. 2. Exocrine deficiency, abdominal pain, pancreatic insufficiency, malabsorption (Including lipid-soluble vitamins ADEK) 3. Diabetes mellitus 4. Gradual weight loss, chronic pain to back, steatorrhea. 5. Deficiency of vitamin K leading to decrease in clotting factors.1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'

9. What is the most common symptom first experienced in pancreatic cancer?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'Epigastric pain Tumor starts in pancreatic head and invades local structures and nerves causinng back or epigastric pain

10. What is Loeffler's syndrome?

1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscessesDisease in which eosinphils accumulate in lung in response to a parasitic infection.

11. What condition of biliary tree is associated with inflammatory bowel disease? 2. What imaging studying is most important for diagnosis? 3. What is seen on imaging? 4. What is seen on histology of liver biopsy? 5. What serum markers are likely to be elevated?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. Primary sclerosing cholangitis. (especially with ulcerative colitis). 2. ERCP 3. Alternating strictures and dilatations of bile ducts. Intra nad extra hepatic bile ducts. May look ''beaded'' or ''pearls on string''. 4. Concentric periductal fibrosis (onion skin fibrosis) 5. ALP and GGT''1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'

12. What is most common GI emergency in neonates? 2. What is the key risk factor? 3. What are symptoms? 4. When does it most commonly occur? 5. What is the cause?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'1. Necrotizing enterocolitis 2. Prematurity 3. Not feeding, abdo distension, bloody stools 4. In first few months of life when infant is started on oral foods. 5. Functional immaturity = prone to ischemia

13. What causes gastroschisis? 2. What causes duedenal atresia? 3. What causes omphalocele? 4. What causes tracheoesophageal fistula?

1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Failure of lateral fold closure. 2. Failure of epithelial plug reabsorption so no recanalization of closed duodenum. 3. Failure of intestine to retract into abdominal cavity. 4. Abnormal septation of the caudal foregut.

14. What pathogen is most likely to infect young children and cause frever and bloody diarrhe and present as pseudoappendicitis? 2. Why does it present as pseudoappendicitis?

'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'1. Yersinia enterocolitica 2. Causes mesenteric adenitis which presents as right lower quadrant abdo pain.1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses

15. What test is diagnostic of acute calculous cholecystitis? 2. What findings are needed for diagnosis of acute cholecystitis?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease1. HIDA scan (cholescintigraphy) uses technetium-99m 2. Gall bladder wall thickening, edema, or songogrpahic murphy sign

16. What is MCAD deficiency? 2. Briefly what is pathophys? 3. What are clinical findings of MCAD deficiency 4. What sort of inheritances is MCAD deficiency?

MCAD = medium chain acetyl CoA dehydrogenase 1. Disorder of fatty acid oxidation. 2. Body cannot break down medium chain FA into Acetyl-CoA which causes accumulatino of C8-C10 acylcarnitines. 3. Hypoglycemia. hyperammonemia (slow urea cycle + increased proteolysis), dicarboxylic acidemia. 4. Autosomal recessive- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease

17. An infant presenting with jaundice at 5 weeks that slowly developed since birth and has elevated AST/ALT and conjugated bilirubin most likely has what condition?

1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'1. Biliary atresia excerbated by rotavirus infection

18. Tumor marker CA 125 is associated with which malignancy?

19. Growth on sorbitol MacConkey seperates which pathogens from each other?

1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'EHEC and the other E coli strains. EHEC is only strain that does not ferment sorbital

20. What is sucralfate used for? 2. MOA?

1. Treatment of duodenal ulcers. 2. Complex of aluminum hydroxide and sulfated sucrose = coating of the ulcer/'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses

21. What is the most specific marker for acute pancreatitis? 2. What is most common symptoms in acute pancreatitis presentation? 3. What do you need for a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis?

22. What are features of intssusception? 2. What age does it peak in? 3. What doe stools look like? 4. Most common site of intussusception?

'1. Trapped bowel causes ischemia and there will be episodes pain and pain free. 2. 5-10 months 3. ''Currant jelly'' stools. A late finding of ischemia in bowel. 4. ileocecal valve.'1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'

23. What metabolic derangement can be seen in pyloric stenosis? 2. How do you diagnosis? 3. Treatment?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease1. Hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkylosis 2. Ultrasound 3. Pyloromyotomy'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'

24. What is the Thayer Martin agar used for?

'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'Culture and isolation of Neisseria bacteria1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses

25. What is ratio typically seen in alcoholic hepatitis regarding liver enzymes?

- Bloody diarrhea -liver abscesses1. Alpha-fetoprotein 2. Jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, ascites 3. Chronic liver disease1. AST:ALT = 2:1'1. ''Dumping Syndrome'' = rapid gastric emptying into duodenum that is most exacerbated by large high carb meals. 2. Eat smaller more frequent meals low in simple carbs. Eat protein, fiber and complex carbs. 3. Eat carbs. hyperosmotic. Causes fluid shift. Distention of small bowel causes refex motility increa and diarrhea. Can cause hypotension and tachy cardia.'

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❤ If you liked Fatskills, consider supporting us by checking out The Life Manuals You Never Got.

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All trademarks, logos and brand names are the property of their respective owners. All company, product and service names used in this website are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, trademarks and brands does not imply endorsement.

About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | What Should We Know?
Privacy | Terms |

Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
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