Which of the following symbols represent leaf nodes?i) Δ ii) ◊ iii) ∇ iv) T v) ⊥

Quiz on graph, adjacency matrix, incidence matrix, adjacency list, directed and undirected graph, directed acyclic graphs, multigraph and hypergraph, binary decision diagrams & and-inverter graph. A graph is a data structure that consists of a set of vertices (aka nodes) connected by edges. A graph is cyclic if the graph comprises a path that starts from a vertex and ends at the same vertex. A tree is a simple graph with no cycle. Graphs are used to represent relationships between different entities. For example, a social network can be represented as a graph, where the vertices are the... Show more

Quiz on graph, adjacency matrix, incidence matrix, adjacency list, directed and undirected graph, directed acyclic graphs, multigraph and hypergraph, binary decision diagrams & and-inverter graph.

A graph is a data structure that consists of a set of vertices (aka nodes) connected by edges. A graph is cyclic if the graph comprises a path that starts from a vertex and ends at the same vertex. A tree is a simple graph with no cycle.
Graphs are used to represent relationships between different entities. For example, a social network can be represented as a graph, where the vertices are the users and the edges are the connections between them. A road network can also be represented as a graph, where the vertices are the intersections and the edges are the roads.

There are many different types of graphs, including:
Undirected graphs: In an undirected graph, the edges have no direction. This means that you can traverse an edge in either direction.
Directed graphs: In a directed graph, the edges have a direction. This means that you can only traverse an edge in the direction that it is pointing.
Weighted graphs: In a weighted graph, the edges have a weight. This weight can represent the cost of traversing the edge, the distance between the two vertices, or some other metric.

Graphs can be represented in a variety of ways, including:
Adjacency list: An adjacency list is a list of lists. Each list in the adjacency list represents a vertex in the graph. The elements in the list are the vertices that are adjacent to the vertex that the list represents.
Adjacency matrix: An adjacency matrix is a square matrix. The rows and columns of the matrix represent the vertices in the graph. The element at row i, column j of the matrix is 1 if there is an edge from vertex i to vertex j, and 0 otherwise.
Edge list: An edge list is a list of pairs of vertices. Each pair of vertices in the edge list represents an edge in the graph.

Graphs can be used to solve a variety of problems, including:
Finding the shortest path between two vertices: This problem is known as the shortest path problem. There are a number of algorithms that can be used to solve this problem, including Dijkstra's algorithm and the A* algorithm.
Finding the minimum spanning tree of a graph: A spanning tree is a subgraph of a graph that contains all of the vertices of the graph and a subset of the edges of the graph such that there is a path between every pair of vertices in the spanning tree. The minimum spanning tree is the spanning tree with the minimum total weight. There are a number of algorithms that can be used to find the minimum spanning tree of a graph, including Prim's algorithm and Kruskal's algorithm.
Detecting cycles in a graph: A cycle is a path in a graph that starts and ends at the same vertex. There are a number of algorithms that can be used to detect cycles in a graph, including depth-first search and breadth-first search.

Graphs are a powerful data structure that can be used to represent a variety of relationships between different entities. There are a number of different algorithms that can be used to solve problems on graphs.

Related Test: Data Structures & Algorithms Practice Test: Hash Tables

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