Irish businessperson Nicole McMurray wanted to give Mrs. Fukushima, the wife of a well-known Japanese business executive, a small token of appreciation for inviting her to dinner. Nicole carefully selected a gift, wrapped it in white paper, and placed a red bow on top of the package. When Nicole presented the gift, Mr. and Mrs. Fukushima responded with looks of confusion and frowns. Later, Nicole learned that the color white signifies death to the Japanese, while red signifies luck. This situation illustrates that