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Earth Science 101 Practice Test: Weathering, Soil, and Mass Wasting
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Earth Science 101 Practice Test: Weathering, Soil, and Mass Wasting
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25 Questions

1. Consider a weathered rock or soil particle lying on a slope. How will the gravitational force pulling the particle downward along the land surface vary with the inclination of the slope?
2. Which of the following best describes sets of fractures in relatively fresh bedrock, such as granite, that are roughly parallel to the land surface?
3. Of the following, which one would most likely be triggered by an earthquake?
4. Under similar warm, moist climatic conditions, why would basalt and gabbro generally have higher chemical weathering rates than rhyolite and granite?
5. Which of the following statements concerning mudflows is NOT true?
6. Which one of the following statements best describes erosion?
7. Which one of the following is an important, mechanical weathering process for enlarging fractures and extending them deeper into large boulders and bedrock?
8. In the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, north-facing slopes (downhill direction is toward the north) are typically more moist and heavily forested than south-facing slopes. Why?
9. All of the following are factors affecting mass wasting except for ________.
10. Assume that water filling a crack in a rock undergoes cycles of freezing and melting. Which of the following statement is true?
11. Which term best describes an accumulation of angular rock fragments at the base of a steep, bedrock slope or cliff?
12. ________ involves movement on a zone of compressed air.
13. How do the strength and cohesion of clay-rich regolith or soil change with the addition of water?
14. Which one of the following operates primarily in areas of permafrost?
15. The most rapid type of mass movement is a ________.
16. Clay minerals formed from gabbro or diorite bedrock illustrate which kind of weathering?
17. In which area would weathering by frost wedging probably be most effective?
18. How do freezing, thawing, wetting, and drying contribute to soil creep?
19. Which of the following mass movements is most likely to occur in a geologic setting where the rock strata are inclined?
20. Which term describes a soil formed by weathering of the underlying bedrock?
21. All of the following are possible indicators that creep is occurring except for ________.
22. Which of the following best describes the process of eluviation?
23. As an erosional process, how is mass wasting unique from wind, water, and ice?
24. The finely divided, red, brown, and yellow soil-coloring minerals originate by what process?
25. All of the following are factors that affect rates of weathering except for ________.

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