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GCSE History Practice Test: British Society - Labour Relations 1951-1979
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The world of employment and industrial relations was a volatile one between 1951 and 1979. Britain was heavily unionised during the period, and trade unions accordingly wielded considerable power. By the 1960s, however, relations between unions and governments deteriorated - even between the unions and their traditional allies, the Labour party. When a new Tory administration emerged in 1979, this tension was likely to come to a head.

GCSE History Practice Test: British Society - Labour Relations 1951-1979
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10 Questions

1. During Harold Wilson's first premiership (1964-70) the Minister of Labour, Barbara Castle, issued a white paper that proposed curbing the right to strike in an attempt to deal with 'wildcat strikes' (i.e. those led suddenly by local union figures). What was Castle's white paper called?
2. In late 1978 the Callaghan government was faced by serious strikes, called mainly by public sector unions. Some of these spilled over into 1979. What name was given to the whole period?
3. Heath's Tory government from 1970 to 1974 introduced a bill in 1971 to curb trade unions' activities. What was this measure called?
4. In December 1973 Heath shut down industry for a period of the week to save fuel. How long was the new (temporary) working week?
5. In February 1974 Wilson returned to power and moved swiftly to solve the dispute with the miners. Who was the new Minister of Employment?
6. Shortly after his re-election in 1966 Wilson faced a six week strike by one group of workers, whom he had described as 'a tight-knit group of politically motivated men'. To which union was he referring?
7. Unions had especially important influence in framing the Labour Party's policy. Union leaders could deploy the votes (in elections to decide Labour policy) of all of their members who paid the political levy, as they wished. What is this system called?
8. In 1972 and again in 1974 the miners' union struck for more pay. Who was the union's president at this time?
9. During the long period of Tory government, 1951 to 1964, the Conservatives tried to establish an industrial partnership with the unions, assisted by rising living standards. Harold MacMillan, prime minister from 1956 to 1963, even asserted at the 1959 general election: "You've never had it so good". What word was used to describe this wealth?
10. Unions traditionally tried to enforce strike action by picketing - i.e. by stationing a number of their members at the entrance to strike-bound premises, who would peacefully attempt to persuade union members attending for work not to cross. Tactics of mass picketing were dramatically used in the 1970s at a premises in North London, where NUM pickets were deployed in large numbers in a dispute where they had no direct involvement. What was this dispute called?

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