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Basic Biology Practice Test: Basics of Life

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The basic units of life are cells, which are the essential fundamental units of all living things. Cells contain DNA and other molecules that make up their genetic material. Here are some other basic principles of life: Responsiveness to the environment Growth and change Ability to reproduce Have a metabolism and breathe Maintain homeostasis Other characteristics of life include: The ability to respire Excrete Move Living things are organized into levels: Organelles: Work together to form cells Cells: Form tissues Tissues: Make up organs Organs: Are part of organ... Show more

The basic units of life are cells, which are the essential fundamental units of all living things. Cells contain DNA and other molecules that make up their genetic material.

Here are some other basic principles of life:
Responsiveness to the environment
Growth and change
Ability to reproduce
Have a metabolism and breathe
Maintain homeostasis

Other characteristics of life include:
The ability to respire
Excrete
Move

Living things are organized into levels:
Organelles: Work together to form cells
Cells: Form tissues
Tissues: Make up organs
Organs: Are part of organ systems
Organ systems: Work together to form an entire organism

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Basic Biology Practice Test: Basics of Life

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1. Darwin's finches, collected from the Galápagos Islands, illustrate which of the following?

vestigial anatomic structuresthe accuracy of the fossil recordadaptive radiationancestors from different regionsmutation frequency

2. Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery. The increasing labor contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?

positive feedbacka bioinformatic systemfeedback inhibitionnegative feedbackenzymatic catalysis

3. Through time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by

creationism.natural philosophy.the hierarchy of the biological organization of life.feedback inhibition.natural selection.

4. What are archaea?

Bacteria-like organisms that can live only in extreme salt environments.Organisms that are adapted to high temperature environments, such as in volcanic springs.Single-celled organisms that are killed by the application of antibiotics at certain concentrations.Primitive protist-like creatures possessing fewer than two chromosomes per cell.Prokaryotes characterized as extremophiles that share some bacterial and some eukaryotic traits.

5. Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?

If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis.If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis.If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results.If my experiments are set up right, they will lead to a testable hypothesis.If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it.

6. Prokaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are the domains?

Archaea and MoneraBacteria and ArchaeaBacteria and EukaryaEukarya and MoneraBacteria and Protista

7. Which of the following best describes what occurred after the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species?

The book received little attention except from a small scientific community.The book was discredited by most scientists.The book was widely discussed and disseminated.The book was banned from schools.The book's authorship was disputed.

8. Similarities and differences among/between life-forms over time are most efficiently recorded by scientists in which field(s) of study?

paleontology and anatomypaleontology, anatomy, and taxonomypaleontology, anatomy, taxonomy, and geneticspaleontologypaleontology, anatomy, taxonomy, genetics, and ecology

9. Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?

schematic biologyevolutioninformaticsgenomicstaxonomy

10. In a high school laboratory, which of the following constitutes an experiment?
I.learning to use a microscope by examining fixed specimens on slides
II.being able to examine swimming protists under a microscope
III. extracting pigments from plant leaves and separating the types of pigments for identification
IV.preparing root tips for examination by staining them

III onlyII and III onlyII, III, and IVII onlyI only

11. Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning?

Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and all are photosynthetic; therefore, the species is photosynthetic.If two species are members of the same genus, they are more alike than each of them could be to a different genus.If protists are all single-celled, then they are incapable of aggregating.If horses are always found grazing on grass, they can be only herbivores and not omnivores.These organisms live in sunny parts of this area so they are able to photosynthesize.

12. Why is the theme of evolution considered to be the core theme of biology by biologists?

Biologists do not subscribe to alternative models.It provides a framework within which all biological investigation makes sense.It is recognized as the core theme of biology by organizations such as the National Science Foundation.Controversy about this theory provides a basis for a great deal of experimental research.Since it cannot be proven, biologists will be able to study evolutionary possibilities for many years.

13. Protists and bacteria are grouped into different domains because

protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack.protists are photosynthetic.protists eat bacteria.bacteria are not made of cells.bacteria decompose protists.

14. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?

flagella or cilia that contain microtubulesa cell wall made of cellulosea membrane-bounded nucleusribosomeslinear chromosomes made of DNA and protein

15. The method of scientific inquiry that describes natural structures and processes as accurately as possible through careful observation and the analysis of data is known as

hypothesis-based science.experimental science.qualitative science.quantitative science.discovery science.

16. Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, a variety of subdisciplines, and diverse cultures?

Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific thinking.Scientists can explain to others that they need to work in isolation to utilize the scientific method more productively.Scientists need to exchange their ideas with other disciplines and cultures so that all groups are in consensus with the course of future research.They can rectify each other's approach to make it truly scientific.This is another way of making science more reproducible.

17. What is the major difference between a kingdom and a domain?

The importance of fungi has led scientists to make them the whole of one domain.All prokaryotes belong to one domain.All eukarya belong to one domain.Only organisms that produce their own food belong to one of the domains.A kingdom can include several subgroups known as domains.

18. A controlled experiment is one in which

there are at least two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variables.the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data.there are at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment.there is one group for which the scientist controls all variables.the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate.

19. What do these two plants have in common?

adaptations to conserve wateradaptations to extreme heatlack of photosynthesisidentical stem structuresidentical flower structures

20. Which of the following is the best description of a control for an experiment?

The control is left alone by the experimenters.The control group is exposed to only one variable rather than several.The control group is kept in an unchanging environment.Only the experimental group is tested or measured.The control group is matched with the experimental group except for the one experimental variable.

21. Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis?
I.It is testable.
II.It is falsifiable.
III.It produces quantitative data.
IV.It produces results that can be replicated.

III and IVIII onlyI and IIII onlyI only

22. Which of the following categories of organisms is least likely to be revised?

classorderphylumspecieskingdom

23. All the organisms on your college campus make up

a population.a taxonomic domain.an experimental group.an ecosystem.a community.

24. A filamentous organism has been isolated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a cell wall but no chloroplasts. How would you classify this organism?

domain Eukarya, kingdom Protistadomain Archaea, kingdom Bacteriadomain Bacteria, kingdom Prokaryotadomain Eukarya, kingdom Plantaedomain Eukarya, kingdom Fungi

25. A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a

community.population.family.biosystem.ecosystem.

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