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Gravitation and Circular Motion
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Gravitation and Circular Motion
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25 Questions

1. The centripetal acceleration on a 1,000-kg car in a turn is 1 × 105 m/s2. The radius of the turn is 10 m. What is the car’s velocity?
2. The centripetal acceleration on a 1,000-kg car in a turn is 1 × 105 m/s2. The radius of the turn is 10 m. What is the car’s velocity?
3. A space shuttle is in orbit around the Earth. It travels at an unknown speed (v) at an orbital radius (r). The commander fires the engine and the speed doubles to 3v. What happens to the orbit if the centripetal acceleration stays the same?
4. A 70-kg astronaut floats at a distance of 10 m from a 50,000-kg spacecraft. What is the force of attraction between the astronaut and spacecraft?
5. A proposed “space elevator” can lift a 1,000-kg payload to an orbit of 150 km above the Earth’s surface. The radius of the Earth is 6.4 × 106 m and the Earth’s mass is 6 × 1024 kg. What is the gravitational potential energy of the payload when it reaches orbit?
6. The Moon has a mass of 7.4 × 1022 kg and a radius of 1.7 × 106 m. What is the force of gravity experienced by a 70-kg astronaut standing on the lunar surface?
7. A space shuttle is in orbit around the Earth. It travels at an unknown speed (v) at an orbital radius (r). The commander fires the engine and the speed doubles to 3v. What happens to the orbit if the centripetal acceleration stays the same?
8. A 70-kg astronaut floats at a distance of 10 m from a 50,000-kg spacecraft. What is the force of attraction between the astronaut and spacecraft?
9. If the car in Question 181 has a mass of 1,000 kg, then what is the force of friction acting on the car?
10. An ice skater skates around a circular rink with a diameter of 20 m. If it takes her 62.8 s to go around the rink once, what is the coefficient of friction of the ice?
11. [For Physics C Students Only] Saturn has an orbital period of 29 Earth years. What is its approximate orbital distance?
12. Four planets, A through D, orbit the same star. The relative masses and distances from the star for each planet are shown in the table. Which planet has the highest gravitational attraction to the star?
13. The coefficient of friction between the rubber tires of a car and dry concrete is μ = 0.64. If a car enters a horizontal turn with a radius of 10.0 m, what is the maximum velocity that the car can have and still hold the road?
14. A bicycle wheel has a radius of 0.5 m. When it spins, it completes one full turn in 1.6 s. A pebble wedged in the tread has a mass of 10 g. What is the centripetal force on the pebble?
15. A satellite orbits the Earth at a distance of 200 km. If the mass of the Earth is 6 × 1024 kg and the Earth’s radius is 6.4 × 106 m, what is the satellite’s velocity?
16. An ice skater skates around a circular rink with a diameter of 20 m. If it takes her 62.8 s to go around the rink once, what is the coefficient of friction of the ice?
17. You swing a 100-g object attached to a 2-m string in a circle above your head. The velocity of the object is 12 m/s. What is the centripetal force on its mass?
18. A car moves in a horizontal circle with a radius of 10 m. The tangential velocity of the car is 30 m/s. What is the car’s acceleration?
19. A spinning top has a radius of 2 cm. If the top takes 0.06 s to complete one rotation, what is the centripetal acceleration at the edge of the top?
20. A skater holds out her arms level to the ground as she spins. In one hand she holds a tennis ball. Each of her arms is 1 m long. If the tennis ball travels at 5 m/s, what is its centripetal acceleration?
21. A skater holds out her arms level to the ground as she spins. In one hand she holds a tennis ball. Each of her arms is 1 m long. If the tennis ball travels at 5 m/s, what is its centripetal acceleration?
22. A block with a mass of 30 kg is hanging still from a string. If you place another block with a mass of 10 kg at a distance of 2 m away, what is the gravitational attraction between the two blocks?
23. A satellite orbits the Earth at a distance of 200 km. If the mass of the Earth is 6 × 1024 kg and the Earth’s radius is 6.4 × 106 m, what is the satellite’s velocity?
24. Two satellites of equal mass orbit a planet. Satellite B orbits at twice the orbital radius of Satellite A. Which of the following statements is true?
25. [For Physics C Students Only] The Earth is at an average distance of 1 AU from the Sun and has an orbital period of 1 year. Jupiter orbits the Sun at approximately 5 AU. About how long is the orbital period of Jupiter?

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