These science questions have been taken from the following state and regional science exams in the United States: AIMS-Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards, Alaska Department of Education & Early Development, California Standards Test, MCAS-Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System, Maryland School Assessment, MEA-Maine Educational Assessment, MEAP-Michigan Educational Assessment Program, NAEP-National Assessment of Educational Progress, North Carolina End-of-Grade Assessment, New York State Educational Department Regents exams, Ohio Achievement Tests, TAKS-Texas Assessment of... Show more

These science questions have been taken from the following state and regional science exams in the United States:
AIMS-Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards, Alaska Department of Education & Early Development, California Standards Test, MCAS-Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System, Maryland School Assessment, MEA-Maine Educational Assessment, MEAP-Michigan Educational Assessment Program, NAEP-National Assessment of Educational Progress, North Carolina End-of-Grade Assessment, New York State Educational Department Regents exams, Ohio Achievement Tests, TAKS-Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills, Virginia Standards of Learning, & Washington MSP.

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Middle School Science Review (8th Grade, With Diagrams)

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25 Questions

1. A student set up the experiment shown below to determine if radish seeds take in oxygen as they germinate. Methylene blue is a chemical that is blue when oxygen is present A but is colorless when oxygen is not present. Containers A and B each contained 200 mL of water and 10 drops of methylene blue. Ten radish seeds were added to container A. Container B had no radish seeds.

The purpose of container B in this experiment is to

distance traveled by the boxforce of frictionforce of gravitymass of the box

2. The following equations represent chemical reactions.

Which equation shows that the total mass during a chemical reaction stays the same?

3412

3. Jerome crossed two purple-flowered plants. The offspring produced from this cross had either white flowers or purple flowers as shown in the table below.

Which of the following statements best explains why some of the offspring have white flowers?

These offspring were created by asexual reproduction.These offspring were produced in a dark environment.These offspring inherited a DNA sequence coding for white flowers from only one parent plant.'These offspring inherited a DNA sequence coding for white flowers from each parent plant.

4. The diagram below shows four layers of Earth. Each layer is identified by a number.

Which layer of Earth is composed primarily of solid iron?

layer 3layer 2layer 1layer 4

5. The diagram below shows a structure of a fungus and a structure of a fern.

What is the function of these structures?

defensemovementreproductionphotosynthesis

6. The international highway symbol for No Entry is shown on the sign below.

Which of the following is the most important reason why this symbol is used on roads throughout Europe?

European countries have many different languages.Small children can understand symbols better than words.Symbols take up less space on a sign than words.One factory can make signs used by many European countries.

7. The diagram below shows part of the human excretory system.

The structures shown are primarily involved in

producing sex cellsbreaking down foodtransporting bloodremoving wastes

8. A diagram of the periodic table of the elements is shown below.

In which region of the table would nonmetals be found?

1342

9. The graph below shows the effect of temperature on the volume of a gas.

Which generalization can be made about the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas?

As the temperature of a gas increasesAs the temperature of a gas decreases its volume stays the same.As the temperature of a gas decreases its volume increases.As the temperature of a gas increases its volume increases.

10. The photograph below shows a phase of the Moon as seen by an observer in New York State.

Which phase is closest to what will be seen by the observer in New York State 1 month later?

11. The arrows in the diagram below represent the forces acting on a moving bicycle at two different times time 1 and time 2. The length of each arrow represents the amount of force being applied.

As a result of the change in the forces from time 1 to time 2 the bicyclist will

move in a backward directionmove faster in a forward directionmove slower in a forward directionstop moving

12. Use the information below to answer the question.

Emmett has entered a ski competition held on Big Powderhorn Mountain. He must ski around four markers and cross a finish line at the bottom of the slope. He hopes to beat the record time on this course of 1 minute and 13 seconds (1:13). Which of the following changes will happen as Emmett rounds marker A?

His speed and direction will change.He will maintain a constant speed and direction.. Only his speed will change.Only his direction will change.

13. Which diagram represents the change of ice to water?

14. The satellite image below shows a natural feature on Earth’s surface. The feature is marked X on the image.

Which action most likely helped form feature X?

Waves pushed mud from the bottom of the ocean onto land.Wind blew sand from the beach into large piles.Land was exposed when water was pulled offshore during low tide.Sediments were deposited where the river met the ocean.

15. The diagram below shows a hammer being used by a person to remove a nail from a piece of wood.

The hammer is being used as which type of simple machine?

inclined planewheel and axleleverpulley

16. The graph below represents the relationship between the amount of spring rainfall recorded at a pond and the number of frogs in that pond. The data were collected over five spring seasons.

What is the difference between the number of frogs in the pond when the rainfall was 5 cm and when the rainfall was 20 cm?

60504020

17. The map of the United States below shows the locations of Missoula MT and Cape Elizabeth ME.

What factors make the climates different at these two locations?

latitude and longitudelatitude and proximity to large bodies of wateraltitude and proximity to large bodies of wateraltitude and longitude

18. The map below shows Labrador and England.

What is the most likely reason that England is warmer than Labrador?

A warmer ocean current fl ows nearer to England than to Labrador.Labrador receives less sunlight than England.Labrador has more glaciers than England.More people live in England than in Labrador.

19. A student is comparing the composition of different samples of soil. She needs to find out how much gravel (small stones) is in each sample. Which of the following tools would best separate the gravel from the rest of the soil in each sample?

20. Use the information below to answer the question. Casey has two glass jars of the same size. He fills one with water; the other contains air. He places a flat magnet on the top of each lid and a metal ball bearing on the inside of each lid under the magnet. He then screws each lid onto a jar. The magnets hold the ball bearings in place under the lids. Casey then removes the magnets at the same time and the ball bearings drop into the jars.

How does the molecular arrangement of water differ from the molecular arrangement of air?

The molecules in water are opaque and the molecules in air are transparent.The molecules in water are vibrating faster than the molecules in air.The molecules in water are closer together than the molecules in air.The molecules in water are much larger than the molecules in air.

21. A marine food web is shown below.

Which chart correctly shows three of the organisms according to their roles in cycling matter in the marine food web?

22. A metal pot with hot soup in it is placed on a cool stone countertop as shown in the diagram below.

The numbered arrows show the transfer of heat from the pot of soup to the surrounding environment. Which list identifi es each method of heat transfer?

1 — convection; 2 — conduction; 3 —radiation1 — radiation; 2 — radiation; 3 — convection1 — conduction; 2 — convection; 3 — radiation1 — convection; 2 — conduction; 3 — conduction

23. A glacier in Alaska has melted back a distance of 100 kilometers over the last 200 years. Four stages in this process are shown in diagrams A B C and D below.

In which order should the diagrams be placed to represent the ecological succession that has taken place in the area?

C → D → B → AD → C → A → BC → D → A → BD → C → B → A

24. The diagram below shows Earth at four locations in its orbit around the Sun.

Which motion do the arrows in the diagram represent?

Earth' s rotationEarth's revolutionthe Sunthe Sun's rotation

25. The graph below shows the number of measles cases reported for many years.

Which statement is supported by the information in this graph?

The vaccine was not given after 1968 because there were few measles cases reported.The vaccine was responsible for eliminating measles after 1965.The vaccine was not needed to develop natural immunity to measles.The vaccine was responsible for reducing the number of cases of measles in the United States.