1.
Action: Extends the forearm
Origin - Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion - Lateral side of the olecranon and the upper one-fourth of the ulna
Innervation - Nerve to anconeus, from the radial nerve

2.
Action: Elevates mandible; retracts mandible
Origin - Temporal fossa of the temporal bone
Insertion - Coronoid process of the mandible
Innervation - Anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V)

3.
Action: Pronates forearm
Origin - Distal and anterior ulnar shaft
Insertion - Distal and anterior radius
Innervation - Median nerve via the anterior interosseous nerve

4.
Action: Extends hand at
wrist; abducts hand
Origin - Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion - 3rd metacarpal
Innervation - Deep radial nerve

5.
Action: Flexes distal interphalangeal joints
Origin - Ulna; interosseous membrane
Insertion - Distal phalanges of 2nd to 5th digit
Innervation - Median nerve (radial one-half); ulnar nerve (ulnar one-half)

6.
Action: Dorsiflexes foot at ankle; inverts foot
Origin - Lateral condyle of tibia; interosseous membrane
Insertion - Medial cuneiform; 1st metatarsal
Innervation - Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve

7.
Action: Flexes hand at wrist; abducts hand
Origin - Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion - 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Innervation - Median nerve

8.
Action: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal, extends proximal and distal interphalangeal joints and adducts digits 1, 2, 4, & 5 (adduction of the digits of the hand is in reference to the midline of the 3rd digit)
Origin - Four muscles, arising from the palmar surface of the shafts of metacarpals 1, 2, 4, & 5 (the 1st palmar interosseous is often fused with the adductor pollicis.)
Insertion - Base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of the medial side of digits 1 & 2, and lateral side of digits 4 & 5
Innervation - Ulnar nerve, deep branch

9.
Action: Elevates scapula; Downwardly rotates scapula
Origin - Transverse processes of C1-C4
Insertion - Vertebral border of the scapula
Innervation - Dorsal scapular nerve (C5); the upper part of the muscle receives branches of C3 & C4

10.
Action: Extends hand at wrist; adducts hand
Origin - Lateral epicondyle of the humerus; posterior ulna
Insertion - 5th metacarpal
Innervation - Deep radial nerve

11.
Action: Adducts pollex; opposes pollex
Origin - Capitate; 2nd - 4th metacarpals
Insertion - Proximal phalanx of pollex
Innervation - Ulnar nerve, deep branch

12.
Action: Flexes hand at wrist; adducts hand
Origin - Medial epicondyle of the humerus; olecranon process of ulna; shaft of ulna
Insertion - Pisiform; hamate; 5th metacarpal
Innervation - Ulnar nerve

13.
Action: Flex neck, rotate and laterally bend neck
Origin - Anterior tubercles and anterior surfaces of the bodies of vertebrae C3-T3
Insertion - Anterior arch of atlas, anterior tubercles of C5-6, anterior surfaces of bodies of vertebrae C2-4
Innervation - Cervical and brachial plexus, C2-7

14.
Action: Flexes hand at wrist
Origin - Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion - Palmar aponeurosis
Innervation - Median nerve

15.
Action: Pronates forearm
Origin - Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion - Lateral radius
Innervation - Median nerve

16.
Action: Extends leg at knee; flexes thigh at hip
Origin - Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion - Patella and tibial tuberosity via tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament
Innervation - Femoral nerve

17.
Action: Flexes vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall
Origin - Ribs 5-12
Insertion - Linea alba; pubic crest; pubic tubercle; iliac crest
Innervation:

18.
Action: Extends 1st metacarpalphalangeal joint
Origin - Posterior radius; posterior ulna; interosseus membrane
Insertion - Proximal phalanx of pollex
Innervation - Deep radial nerve

19.
Action: Flexes forearm at elbow
Origin - Anterior humerus
Insertion - Coronoid process of the ulna
Innervation - Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)

20.
Action: Plantar flexes foot at ankle
Origin - Proximal tibia; proximal fibula; interosseous membrane
Insertion - Calcaneus
Innervation - Tibial nerve

21.
Action: Elevates and protracts the mandible
Origin - Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate, pyramidal process of the palatine bone, tuberosity of the maxilla
Insertion - Medial surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible
Innervation - Medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V)

22.
Action: Shoulder abduction, flexion and extension
Origin - Anterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle
Insertion - The deltoid tuberosity on the lateral surface of the proximal humeral shaft
Innervation - Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

23.
Action: Adducts thigh; rotates thigh laterally; flexes thigh at hip
Origin - Inferior ramus of pubis; ischial ramus; ischial tuberosity
Insertion - Linea aspera of femur
Innervation - Obturator nerve; tibial nerve (ischiocondylar part)

24.
Action: Supinates forearm
Origin - Lateral epicondyle of the humerus; proximal ulna
Insertion - Proximal end of radius
Innervation - Deep radial nerve

25.
Action: Flexes the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the 5th digit
Origin - Hook of hamate & the flexor retinaculum
Insertion - Proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
Innervation - Ulnar nerve, deep branch