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Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
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Some common alterations of renal and urinary tract function in children include: Hydronephrosis: A blockage that causes urine to back up into the kidney, making it appear enlarged on an ultrasound Reflux: A valve-like mechanism at the point where the ureter joins the bladder doesn't work, allowing urine to wash back up into the kidney Ureteropelvic junction obstruction: A blockage in the area where the renal pelvis meets the ureters Ureterovesical junction obstruction: A blockage in the area where the ureter meets the bladder Multicystic dysplastic kidney: When fluid-filled sacs or cysts... Show more
Pathophysiology Practice Test: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
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18 Questions

1. A 4-year-old male is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following assessment findings accompanies this condition?
2. A 7-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for incontinence. His mother indicates that he has never been continent before. This history supports which form of enuresis?
3. A nurse observes on the chart that a patient is admitted with Wilms tumors. A nurse knows the tumors are found in the:
4. Physical examination of a newborn who dies shortly after birth reveals wide-set eyes, parrot-beak nose, low-set ears, and receding chin. These abnormalities support which diagnosis?
5. An infant male experiences a constant dribbling of urine. His urethral opening is located behind the glans. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart?
6. A 7-year-old is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which sign would support this diagnosis?
7. A 5-year-old male was diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. History reveals that he had an infection 3 weeks before the onset of this condition. The infection was most likely located in the:
8. A nurse observes on the chart that a patient is admitted with Wilms tumors. A nurse knows the tumors are found in the:
9. A 7-year-old is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which sign would support this diagnosis?
10. When a child is admitted with acute renal failure, a clinician realizes the most common cause of acute renal failure is:
11. Which of the following clusters of symptoms would support a child’s diagnosis of glomerulonephritis?
12. A 2-year-old male is diagnosed with Wilms tumor. Which clinical condition is often associated with this disease?
13. An infant male experiences a constant dribbling of urine. His urethral opening is located behind the glans. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart?
14. A 6-year-old male diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux is experiencing urine reflux from the urinary bladder into a grossly dilated ureter and calyces. This condition would be graded:
15. A 4-year-old male is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following assessment findings accompanies this condition?
16. A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. Tests reveal the deposition of immunoglobulin IgA in the glomerular capillaries. The nurse will monitor for recurrent:
17. Which of the following clusters of symptoms would support a child’s diagnosis of glomerulonephritis?
18. A 5-year-old male was diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. History reveals that he had an infection 3 weeks before the onset of this condition. The infection was most likely located in the:

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