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Physiology Practice Test: The Urinary System - Renal Function
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Physiology Practice Test: The Urinary System - Renal Function
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25 Questions

1. Most reabsorption occurs in the ________ and is ________.
2. Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of differences between epithelial cells of the proximal and distal tubules?
3. What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on micturition?
4. Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure is greater than systemic capillary hydrostatic pressure.
5. Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
6. The connecting tubules join the distal tubule with the collecting ducts.
7. Within the kidneys, what membrane has microvillli?
8. By the time the filtrate reaches the loop of Henle, the reabsorption of water and ions has ________.
9. Which of the forces across the glomerular capillaries tends to increase from the afferent to the efferent arteriole ends?
10. The kidneys receive only a small proportion (1%) of cardiac output at rest.
11. Which of the following can increase the filtered load of a particular solute?
12. Glomerular filtration involves the bulk flow of plasma (with all of its solutes) into Bowmanʹs space.
13. How is urine moved through the ureter?
14. Glomerular filtration is approximately 3 L/day.
15. To voluntarily control urination, the ________ nervous system innervates the ________.
16. Juxtaglomerular cells are located in the walls of the distal tubule.
17. Solutes that enter the lumen of the renal tubules are excreted unless they are ________.
18. Given that GFR is 125 mL/min and the clearance of substance Y is 200 mL/min, which of the following MUST be true of the renal handling of substance Y.
19. Which of the following is the correct order of blood supply to the kidneys?
20. The primary function of the kidneys involves regulating the ________ and the ________ of plasma and interstitial fluid.
21. Calculate renal clearance of X given the following information: GFR = 100 mL/min, urine flow rate = 5 mL/min, plasma concentration of X = 10 mg/mL, urine concentration of X = 50 mg/mL.
22. What condition(s) must exist for a solute to be passively reabsorbed from the renal tubules?
23. The concentration of glucose in tubular epithelial cells is maintained in an elevated state by what type of transporter on the apical membrane?
24. Filtration fraction is calculated as glomerular filtration rate × plasma concentration of a solute.
25. What is the process whereby molecules are selectively transported from the peritubular fluid to the lumen of the renal tubules?

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