A premature baby, shortly after birth, presents with rapid breathing, intercostal retractions, and grunting sound while breathing. A blood gas analysis reveals low oxygen and acidosis. A diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome is quickly made. This syndrome is seen in newborns with immature lungs whose pneumocytes do not synthesize enough:

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A premature baby, shortly after birth, presents with rapid breathing, intercostal retractions, and grunting sound while breathing. A blood gas analysis reveals low oxygen and acidosis. A diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome is quickly made. This syndrome is seen in newborns with immature lungs whose pneumocytes do not synthesize enough: