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Biology Vocabulary Review
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Biology Vocabulary Review
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1. Any one of a variety of organisms (such as many bacteria and fungi) that returns parts of organic substances to ecological cycles by feeding on and breaking down dead material. (Also called a detritivore.)

2. A symbiotic relationship between two different species in which one receives benefits from the other by causing damage to it-- usually not fatal damage (but not always); one species is helped and the other is harmed.
Image: Parasitism

3. A small, round body in the cell nucleus; contains RNA and produces the components of ribosomes, which are involved in protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.
Image: Nucleolus

4. The passive process of diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration.
Image: Osmosis

5. An investigation of the component parts of an experiment; data is analyzed to determine whether or not a hypothesis is supported or rejected.

6. Protein- or fat-based secretions of an endocrine gland; transmitted by the blood to the cells on which it has a specific effect. (Examples: insulin, testosterone)

7. Any disease-producing agent, such as a virus, bacterium, or fungus.
Image: Pathogen

8. Organism made of one cell.
Image: Unicellular

9. The loose combination of DNA and protein found in the nucleus during interphase; during mitotic and meiotic divisions, the long, thin strands of chromatin condense into chromosomes.

10. An inborn pattern of behavior involving complex responses to a stimulus.

11. The substance acted upon by an enzyme.
Image: Substrate

12. The periodic passage of groups of animals (especially birds or fishes) from one region to another for feeding or breeding.

13. Resulting from new combinations of genetic material.

14. The 'brain' of the cell, responsible for regulating cell functions, growth, and reproduction; contains chromosomes made of DNA, and the nucleolus.
Image: Nucleus

15. The R-groups of amino acids bond together, giving the protein its three-dimensional shape which determines its function; third level of protein structure.

16. Any event that changes the sequence of nucleotides on a molecule of DNA, which in turn changes the code for assembling a particular structural or metabolic protein; the alteration can change the shape of the protein, which can adversely affect its function.

17. Long-term, specific interactions between two different species.
Image: Symbiosis

18. The deriving of a conclusion by reasoning.
Image: Deduction

19. A gene form (allele) coding for a specific trait that is expressed only when an identical allele is present; produces its given phenotype only when the genotype is homozygous recessive.
Image: Recessive

20. A substance formed by bonding together atoms from two or more elements.
Image: Compound

21. Small, short, and abundant hairlike structures on cells; often form part of a fringe; found on cells that are capable of lashing movement. Especially useful for free unicellular organisms to produce movement or in more advanced organisms, a current of fluid. (Example: cilia move the egg down the oviduct toward the uterus.)
Image: Cilia

22. Anaerobic process by which 2 molecules of ATP are produced per molecule of glucose; identified by its products. (Examples: lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.)
Image: Fermentation

23. The direct effect that one organism or species has on another.

24. A unicellular organism whose cell lacks a membrane-bound nucleus; bacteria are the prime example. Also included are blue-green algae, actinomycetes, and mycoplasma

25. An organism that carries pollen from one flower to another, allowing eggs in the neighboring flowers to be fertilized and seeds to be produced.
Image: Pollinator

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