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Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Respiratory Emergencies
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Avg score: 60% • Most missed: “The EMT is correctly assessing a patient for subcutaneous emphysema when he:”
In an emergency, EMTs should assess a patient's airway and help them breathe using artificial ventilation. Oxygen is the main treatment for respiratory difficulty. Here are some basic steps to take: Position: If the patient is breathing adequately, use a nonrebreather mask at 12-15 liters per minute. If the patient is not breathing well, have them lie down to receive artificial ventilations. Comfort: Have the patient sit up in a comfortable position. Inhalers: If the patient has an inhaler, you can help them use it after consulting with medical direction.  Respiratory distress, also... Show more
Prehospital Emergency Care Practice Test: Respiratory Emergencies
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25 Questions

1. The EMT is correctly accessing for accessory muscle use when he examines which part of the body?
2. The EMT understands adequate breathing when he states:
3. A patient requires several doses of medication from her metered-dose inhaler. At a minimum, how long should the EMT wait between administrations?
4. During an asthma attack, three main pathological changes lead to hypoxia in the patient. Which of these changes is not one of these three?
5. When assessing a patient who complains of shortness of breath but has an open airway, which action should the EMT perform next?
6. Auscultation of breath sounds in a patient complaining of shortness of breath reveals wheezing. Which condition is responsible for this finding?
7. Which of these is considered an early sign of inadequate breathing in children?
8. You are starting to assess a patient's breath sounds and have just listened to the upper right back. You would next listen to the:
9. You are by the side of a 77-year-old male patient with a complaint of shortness of breath. Auscultation of his lungs indicates crackles in the bases. In addition, both of his feet are swollen. His SpO2 on room air is 82%. The remainder of his vital signs are pulse, 144; respirations, 26 breaths/min; and blood pressure 168/90, mmHg. The patient reports lower back pain with a history of a 'pinched nerve' in that area. He states that he always has this pain. He has difficulty finishing his sentences without gasping for air. What is the most appropriate care for this patient after initiating oxygen?
10. While talking to your partner one day in between emergency calls, he tells you he has recently read a CE article on pulmonary embolisms. Which of these statements indicates that your partner understands the underlying pathophysiology of how a pulmonary emboli can cause hypoxia?
11. You are treating a patient who states that he has been short of breath for the past month. Tonight, his breathing just 'got too bad' and he decided to call 911. The 67-year-old male patient is alert and oriented and has a patent airway. He appears to have an adequate tidal volume. His pulse is strong and regular, and his skin is warm. Vital signs are pulse, 92; respirations, 22 breaths/min; blood pressure, 128/66 mmHg; and SpO2, 93% while on home oxygen at 2 lpm. Which instruction would you give to your partner regarding this patient's care?
12. The EMT is correctly assessing a patient for subcutaneous emphysema when he:
13. A patient in respiratory distress is exhibiting pursed lip breathing. You realize that he is doing this to:
14. Pursed lip breathing is most commonly observed when a patient has:
15. You have been called for a patient who complains of shortness of breath. On scene, you find the 41-year-old woman sitting upright in bed with nasal flaring and wheezing. A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is lying on the nightstand next to her. To assist her with the MDI, which criteria must be met?
16. You arrive on scene for a 9-year-old female patient with a severe cough. Her mother states that she has spoken to her pediatrician, who believes that the child may have whooping cough and should be taken to the hospital for evaluation. Her mother is unsure if her daughter has had all her immunizations. Which of these statements would be most appropriate in regard to the care of this patient?
17. As you enter a room for an unknown medical emergency, you find an unresponsive male with snoring respirations lying supine in bed. Which action should you take immediately?
18. What is the typical resting respiratory rate for an elderly patient?
19. An alert and oriented 45-year-old female patient complains of shortness of breath. Although her respiratory volume and rate are satisfactory, you note cyanosis in her fingertips and you cannot get the pulse oximeter to show a reading. What should be your next action?
20. While you are obtaining a medical history for a patient with generalized weakness and fatigue, she hands you a list of all the medications she is currently taking. Which of these medications should the EMT recognize as a bronchodilator for which the EMT could assist in its administration?
21. You have been called to a residence for a patient with altered mental status and shortness of breath. On scene, an Emergency Medical Responder meets you and states that he believes the patient had a stroke and is unresponsive. As you enter the room, you see the patient lying in bed with snoring respirations. Oxygen at 15 liters per minute has been applied. Your immediate action when you reach the patient's side would be to:
22. A 4-year-old boy in respiratory distress is sitting upright in bed and drooling. His mother states that he complained of a sore throat throughout the day, and tonight became severely short of breath and started drooling. He is alert with adequate breathing. His skin is very warm to the touch. Vital signs are pulse, 132; respirations, 28 breaths/min; and SpO2, 90% on room air. Which is your first action in caring for this child?
23. The EMT indicates that he is properly assessing the patient's breath sounds when he gives which of these instructions to the patient?
24. A patient has a medical problem characterized by an increase of interstitial fluid in and around his alveoli. This condition would disrupt normal oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange by creating which type of disturbance?
25. A 4-year-old female patient with a decreased level of consciousness is in respiratory distress. Her airway is patent and respirations are 12 per minute. Breath sounds are diminished bilaterally, and there is noted accessory muscle use with inspiration and expiration. Her pulse is 84 and SpO2 88%. What should be your immediate action?

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