Principle: When two or more persons agree to do, or cause to be done, (1) an illegal act or (2) an act which is not illegal by illegal means, through such an agreement such persons are said to have been engaged in a criminal conspiracy to commit an offence, it is said that no consummation of the crime need be achieved or even attempted. Facts: X, Y and Z plan to kill D. They agree that only one among them, that is Z, will execute the plan. In pursuance of it, Z buys a gun and loads it.