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MCAT Biology Terms

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MCAT Biology Terms

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1. Urinary sphincter

A series of enzyme complexes found along the inner mitochondrial membrane. Nadh and fadh2 are oxidized by these enzymesThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoium

2. Retrovirus

A series of enzyme complexes found along the inner mitochondrial membrane. Nadh and fadh2 are oxidized by these enzymesA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoium

3. Primary oocytes

The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA series of enzyme complexes found along the inner mitochondrial membrane. Nadh and fadh2 are oxidized by these enzymes

4. Electron transport chain

Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. A series of enzyme complexes found along the inner mitochondrial membrane. Nadh and fadh2 are oxidized by these enzymesThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary).

5. Pyloric sphincter

Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that regulates the passage of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine.

6. Flagella

The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A long, whip-like filament that helps in cell motility. Many bacteria are flagellated, and sperm are flagellated. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

7. Primary active transport

A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. Active transport that relies directly on the hydrolysis of atp.The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoium

8. Guanine

One of the four aromatic bases found in DNA and rna. Guanine is a purineDiploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

9. Downstream

Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). Toward the 3' end of an rna transcript (the 3' end of the DNA coding strand). Stop codons and (in eukaryotes) the pol-a tail are found 'downstream.'

10. Oogonium

A *precursor* cell that undergoes mitosis during fetal development to produce more oogonium. These cells are then activated to produce primary oocytes, which remain dormant until stimulated to undergo meiosis i during some future menstrual cycle. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoium

11. Second Law of Thermodynamics Second messenger

A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). The entropy (disorder) of the universe (or system) tends to increase. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoium

12. Autoimmune reaction

Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumAn immune reaction directed against normal (necessary ) cells. For example, diabetes mellitus (type i) is an autoimmune reaction directed against the beta cells of the pancreas (destroying them and preventing insulin secretion) and against insulin itself. A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary).

13. Innate immunity

Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). General, non-specific protection to the body, including the skin (barrier), gastric acid, phagocytes, lysozyme, and complement.

14. Spatial summation

The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. Integration by a postsynaptic neuron of inputs (epsps and ipsps) from multiple sources. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoium

15. Pulmonary artery

Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). The blood vessel that carries deoxygenated from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

16. Ribosome

The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A structure made of two protein subunits and rrnaDiploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

17. Metaphase I

The secon phase of mitosis. During metaphase chromosomes align at the center of the ell (the metaphase plate). Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

18. Kinase

An enzyme that phosphorylates something else. Kinases are frequently used in regulatory pathways, phosphorylating other enzymes. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

19. Vein

A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. A blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart chambers. Veins do not have muscular walls, have valves to ensure that blood flows in one direction only, and are typically low-pressure vessels. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary).

20. Acetyl cholinesterase (AChE)

The enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

21. Anaphase I

The third phase of meiosis i. During anaphase i the replicated homologous chromosomes are separated (the tetrad is split) and pulled to opposite sides of the cell. A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary).

22. Plasma cell

Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumThe valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). An activated b cell that is secreting antibody.A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

23. Reverse transcriptase

An enzyme that polymerizes a strand of DNA by reading an rna template (an rna dependent DNA polymerase)The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoium

24. Interstitial cell

A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna. The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumAlso called leydig cells, these are the cells within testes that produce and secrete testosteron. They are stimulated by luteinizing hormone (lh).

25. Osteocyte

The valve that controls the release of urine from the bladder. It has an internal part made of smooth muscle (thus involuntary) and an external part made of skeletal muscle (thus voluntary). Diploid cells resulting from the activation of anoogoiumA mature, dormant osteoblast.A virus with an rna genome (e.g. Hiv) that undergoes a lysogenic life cycle in a host with a double stranded DNA genome. In order to integrate its genome with the host cell genome, the virus must first reverse trasncribe its rna genome to dna.

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25 Questions

❤ If you liked Fatskills, consider supporting us by checking out The Life Manuals You Never Got.

About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | OSHA Basics Quiz | What Should We Know? Privacy | Terms |

Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson© 2026 Fatskills.com

All trademarks, logos and brand names are the property of their respective owners. All company, product and service names used in this website are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, trademarks and brands does not imply endorsement.

About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | OSHA Basics Quiz | What Should We Know?
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Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
© 2026 Fatskills.com