Advancements in Genetic Engineering focused on the areas such as Mutant organisms, DNA Replication, Recombinant DNA, Genetic linkage analysis, Genetically Modified Plants, Genetically Modified Animals, and many more, about which you will studying in higher grades. Biotechnology is the use of technology to change the genetic makeup of living things for human purposes. The purposes might be to treat human diseases or to modify other organisms so they are more useful to people. Biotechnology uses a variety of methods, but some are commonly used in many applications. They include the... Show more Advancements in Genetic Engineering focused on the areas such as Mutant organisms, DNA Replication, Recombinant DNA, Genetic linkage analysis, Genetically Modified Plants, Genetically Modified Animals, and many more, about which you will studying in higher grades. Biotechnology is the use of technology to change the genetic makeup of living things for human purposes. The purposes might be to treat human diseases or to modify other organisms so they are more useful to people. Biotechnology uses a variety of methods, but some are commonly used in many applications. They include the polymerase chain reaction and gene cloning. Both are used to quickly make many copies of a desired gene. - The polymerase chain reaction uses high temperatures and an enzyme to make new DNA molecules. The process keeps cycling to make many copies of a gene. - Gene cloning uses bacteria to make new DNA molecules. The desired gene is inserted into the DNA of a bacterial cell. Bacteria multiply very rapidly by binary fission. Each time a bacterial cell divides, the inserted gene is copied. Biotechnology has many uses. It is especially useful in medicine and agriculture. Biotechnology is used to: - treat genetic disorders. For example, copies of a normal gene might be inserted into a patient with a defective gene. This is called gene therapy. Ideally, it can cure a genetic disorder. - produce human proteins. Insulin is one example. This protein is needed to treat diabetes. The human insulin gene is inserted into bacteria. The bacteria reproduce rapidly so there are soon enough of them to produce large quantities of insulin. - create genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Many GMOs are food crops such as corn. Genes are inserted into plants to give them desirable traits. This might be the ability to get by with little water or to resist insect pests. The modified plants are likely to be healthier and produce more food. They may also need less pesticide. Show less
Advancements in Genetic Engineering focused on the areas such as Mutant organisms, DNA Replication, Recombinant DNA, Genetic linkage analysis, Genetically Modified Plants, Genetically Modified Animals, and many more, about which you will studying in higher grades. Biotechnology is the use of technology to change the genetic makeup of living things for human purposes. The purposes might be to treat human diseases or to modify other organisms so they are more useful to people. Biotechnology uses a variety of methods, but some are commonly used in many applications. They include the polymerase chain reaction and gene cloning. Both are used to quickly make many copies of a desired gene. - The polymerase chain reaction uses high temperatures and an enzyme to make new DNA molecules. The process keeps cycling to make many copies of a gene. - Gene cloning uses bacteria to make new DNA molecules. The desired gene is inserted into the DNA of a bacterial cell. Bacteria multiply very rapidly by binary fission. Each time a bacterial cell divides, the inserted gene is copied. Biotechnology has many uses. It is especially useful in medicine and agriculture. Biotechnology is used to: - treat genetic disorders. For example, copies of a normal gene might be inserted into a patient with a defective gene. This is called gene therapy. Ideally, it can cure a genetic disorder. - produce human proteins. Insulin is one example. This protein is needed to treat diabetes. The human insulin gene is inserted into bacteria. The bacteria reproduce rapidly so there are soon enough of them to produce large quantities of insulin. - create genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Many GMOs are food crops such as corn. Genes are inserted into plants to give them desirable traits. This might be the ability to get by with little water or to resist insect pests. The modified plants are likely to be healthier and produce more food. They may also need less pesticide.
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