How does freeze-thaw weathering occur?

Various factors influence the rate of weathering, including: Geology - softer rocks, rocks with more cracks, and the chemical composition of the rocks will all influence the amount and type of weathering. Granite is one of the harder rocks that weathers much more slowly than sedimentary rocks. Vegetation - whilst areas with a high biological load will suffer from rapid biological weathering, the rocks there may be protected by the vegetation from rapid changes in temperature and also be subjected to less attack by water. Vegetation also stabilizes river banks preventing hydraulic... Show more

Various factors influence the rate of weathering, including:

• Geology - softer rocks, rocks with more cracks, and the chemical composition of the rocks will all influence the amount and type of weathering. Granite is one of the harder rocks that weathers much more slowly than sedimentary rocks.
• Vegetation - whilst areas with a high biological load will suffer from rapid biological weathering, the rocks there may be protected by the vegetation from rapid changes in temperature and also be subjected to less attack by water. Vegetation also stabilizes river banks preventing hydraulic attack.
• Climate - rainfall, temperature range and the amount of sunshine will all influence the amount of weathering.
• Shape of the land - steep areas will suffer different types of weathering to shallow or flat lands. The steep areas will be more exposed to types of physical weathering, but may have reduced chemical attack.
• Human Impact - we can influence all forms of weathering whether chemical, biological or physical. Deforestation, putting more corrosive chemicals into the atmosphere and waterways, physically moving across landscapes; all of these can breakdown more rock, whilst protective measures can decrease weathering in localized areas.

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