These science questions have been taken from the following state and regional science exams in the United States: AIMS-Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards, Alaska Department of Education & Early Development, California Standards Test, MCAS-Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System, Maryland School Assessment, MEA-Maine Educational Assessment, MEAP-Michigan Educational Assessment Program, NAEP-National Assessment of Educational Progress, North Carolina End-of-Grade Assessment, New York State Educational Department Regents exams, Ohio Achievement Tests, TAKS-Texas Assessment of... Show more

These science questions have been taken from the following state and regional science exams in the United States:
AIMS-Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards, Alaska Department of Education & Early Development, California Standards Test, MCAS-Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System, Maryland School Assessment, MEA-Maine Educational Assessment, MEAP-Michigan Educational Assessment Program, NAEP-National Assessment of Educational Progress, North Carolina End-of-Grade Assessment, New York State Educational Department Regents exams, Ohio Achievement Tests, TAKS-Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills, Virginia Standards of Learning, & Washington MSP.

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Middle School Science Review (8th Grade, With Diagrams)

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25 Questions

1. The diagram below represents a pile of decaying plant and animal materials. This process puts nutrients back in the soil.

The bacteria and fungi that break down the plant and animal materials are classified as

predatorsproducersconsumersdecomposers

2. A diagram of the periodic table of the elements is shown below.

In which region of the table would nonmetals be found?

3421

3. The graph below shows a runner’s distance from the starting line during a 30-minute race. Distance was measured in meters (m). Time was measured in minutes (min).

During which time interval was the runner moving at the greatest average speed?

0–5 minutes10–15 minutes25–30 minutes15–20 minutes

4. The diagram below shows an amoeba performing a function necessary for life.

Which function is shown in the diagram?

collecting fooddestroying wastesexcreting wastesmaking food

5. Base your answers on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram represents the Moon and its orbit around Earth. The arrow labeled X represents the force that keeps the Moon in its orbit.

Approximately how long does it take for the Moon to complete one orbit around Earth?

1 day1 year1 week1 month

6. Use the information below to answer the question.

Emmett has entered a ski competition held on Big Powderhorn Mountain. He must ski around four markers and cross a finish line at the bottom of the slope. He hopes to beat the record time on this course of 1 minute and 13 seconds (1:13). Which of the following changes will happen as Emmett rounds marker A?

He will maintain a constant speed and direction.. Only his speed will change.His speed and direction will change.Only his direction will change.

7. Base your answers on the weather map below and on your knowledge of science. The center of a storm system (Low) over part of the United States and the frontal boundaries associated with this system are shown. Point A represents a location on the map.

In which compass direction will the storm center (Low) most likely move over the next few days if it follows a typical storm track?

southwestsoutheastnortheastnorthwest

8. The map of the United States below shows the locations of Missoula MT and Cape Elizabeth ME.

What factors make the climates different at these two locations?

altitude and proximity to large bodies of waterlatitude and longitudealtitude and longitudelatitude and proximity to large bodies of water

9. The photograph below shows a satellite image of a hurricane.

A satellite image of a hurricane helps weather forecasters to

explain the effects of global warming on the ocean currentspredict the total number of storms to occur in one yearwarn residents of hazardous weather conditionspredict the times of high tide and low tide

10. A marine food web is shown below.

Which chart correctly shows three of the organisms according to their roles in cycling matter in the marine food web?

11. Which of the following pictures shows a beam bridge?

12. Given this picture:

What is the name of the indicated atom in the acetic acid molecule shown above?

copperchromiumcarboncalcium

13. Which position of two magnets results in the greatest attraction between the magnets?

14. One of the most common types of adaptations in plants involves the shape and structure of each plant's leaves. The surface area of leaves is related to the amount of water a plant loses. Based on this information which of the following plants is probably best adapted for living in a hot dry climate?

15. The diagram below represents a cycle in an ecosystem.

Which of the following do the arrows most likely represent?

sunlightheatwaternutrients

16. Base your answers on the bird head diagrams below and the dichotomous key that follows. The birds are labeled A B C and D.

Which characteristic could best be used to distinguish between birds B and C?

beak lengthshape of eyebeak shapestripe on head

17. Base your answers on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram represents the Moon and its orbit around Earth. The arrow labeled X represents the force that keeps the Moon in its orbit.

Which force is represented by X?

frictionelectricitygravitymagnetism

18. A species of bird migrates from South America across the Atlantic Ocean to its summer breeding ground in northern Canada. The birds stop on the east coast of the United States to eat the eggs of horseshoe crabs. The migration route of these birds is shown on the map below.

Which of the following changes would most threaten this species of bird with extinction?

less rainfall in South Americadecreased populations of horseshoe crabsincreased sizes of horseshoe crab eggslonger summers in North America

19. The pictures below show two dogs of the same breed that have different coat colors.

The instructions that determine coat color are stored in the

membrane of every cell.chromosomes of every cell.cytoplasm of skin cells.mitochondria of hair cells.

20. A glacier in Alaska has melted back a distance of 100 kilometers over the last 200 years. Four stages in this process are shown in diagrams A B C and D below.

In which order should the diagrams be placed to represent the ecological succession that has taken place in the area?

C → D → B → AD → C → B → AD → C → A → BC → D → A → B

21. The data table below shows some data related to the Sun and the planets in our solar system.

The distance between the Sun and Saturn is approximately six times the distance between the Sun and which other planet?

VenusMarsEarthJupiter

22. Which of the following diagrams best represents two different elements combining to form a compound?

23. The wolf is the ancestor of the many species of dogs. The pictures below show a wolf and a bull terrier.

How did smaller dogs like bull terriers most likely evolve from wolves?

Wolf puppies were kept in the puppy stage so they did not grow large.Wolves were fed less and did not grow as large.The smallest wolf puppies were bred together over many generations.A small bull terrier–sized puppy was born to a wolf.

24. The picture below shows a stream flowing over rocks.

How do the water and rocks interact?

The water changes the shape of the rocks.The water soaks into the ground beneath the rocks.The water floods over its banks because of the mass of the rocks.The water evaporates into the air because of the position of the rocks.

25. A natural process is represented in the box below.

Which of the following processes is represented in the box?

decompositionrespirationphotosynthesismetamorphosis