1. The organelle responsible for >80% of the cell’s ATP production is the:

2. Your 40-year-old patient has the following vital signs: HR: 140; BP: 82/48; RR: 30. She is pale, is lethargic, and responds only to painful stimuli. What kind of shock is she most likely experiencing?

3. A chemical bond formed when an electron is completely donated from 1 atom to another is called a/an:

4. Your assessment reveals the following about your patient: HR: 123; RR: 24; BP: 104/66. The patient has had a 4-day history of bloody diarrhea and is now weak and passes out when standing for too long. The ECG reveals a normal complex, but it is tachycardic with no ectopic beats. You have established intravenous access with a saline lock. What is the most appropriate next step?

5. Use the pH information for the following common substances to answer this question:
- Vinegar: pH = 2.9
- Ammonia: pH = 10.6
- Milk: pH = 6.7
- Urine: pH = 6.0
- Blood: pH = 7.4
Which of the following pairs of substances are considered basic according to the indicated pH?

6. Use the pH information for the following common substances to answer this question:
- Vinegar: pH = 2.9
- Ammonia: pH = 10.6
- Milk: pH = 6.7
- Urine: pH = 6.0
- Blood: pH = 7.4
Which of the following is more acidic than ammonia?

7. A patient who is apneic will retain CO₂. This will most likely result in what condition?

8. A 58-year-old woman patient with a multiple-day history of eating without taking insulin has fast and deep respirations. This patient is breathing like this because she is in __________ acidosis because acids are building up in the bloodstream from ___________.

9. Cardiogenic shock results from pump failure. Which of these medications will be most helpful in restoring an appropriate blood pressure to the patient in cardiogenic shock?