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Physics Review

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1. U-value

Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionIsotopes are atoms from the periodic table that are slightly different. They will have the same amount of electrons and protons as a regular atom but with more neutrons in the atoms nucleus. These isotopes of normal atoms are often unstable and tend to decay into other atoms and give off radiation as they attempt to become more stable.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.

2. Transmitted waves

Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Isotopes are atoms from the periodic table that are slightly different. They will have the same amount of electrons and protons as a regular atom but with more neutrons in the atoms nucleus. These isotopes of normal atoms are often unstable and tend to decay into other atoms and give off radiation as they attempt to become more stable.

3. Internal energy and change in state

4. Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms from the periodic table that are slightly different. They will have the same amount of electrons and protons as a regular atom but with more neutrons in the atoms nucleus. These isotopes of normal atoms are often unstable and tend to decay into other atoms and give off radiation as they attempt to become more stable.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction

5. Absorbed waves

Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Where waves are absorbed by the material that it is trying to cross into, this transfers the energy to the material where it gets stored inThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction

6. gamma rays

Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Gamma rays (symbol in picture) are waves of electromagnetic radiation released by the nucleus. They penetrate far into materials without being stopped and will travel long distances in air. This means they are weak at ionising because they tend to pass through air rather then colliding with atoms eventually they will hit something and do damage. They can be absorbed by thick sheets of lead or metres of concrete.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

7. Electromagnetic waves

Are transverse waves that transfer energy from a source to an absorber. They travel through air or vacuum at the same speed. there are a variety that increase in frequency overtime.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

8. Diode

Flows fine in one way but has a very high resistance in the other

9. Real image

Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionA real image is a image where the light of an object comes together to form an image on the 'screen'The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

10. Filament light bulb

The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.

The higher the temperate the higher the resistanceWhere the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction

11. Insulation

Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionInsulation is material that are used in things like buildings to reduce heat transfer and keep as much heat insideInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

12. Ammeter

Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionMeasures the current in Amps. Must always be in the series of the circuit current is the same everywhere

13. Static Electricity

When certain insulating materials rub together, negatively charged electrons a rubbed onto each other leaving materials electrically chargedWhere the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.

14. Light Dependent Resistor (L.D.R)

Dependent on the intensity of light. In bright light the resistance fall. In darkness the resistance increasesInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.

15. Ammeter

This isThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction

16. Refracted waves

Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionWhen a wave changes direction between materialsThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.

17. Potential difference (Voltage)

Voltage=Current X ResistanceWhere the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.

18. Magnets

Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Magnets are materials such as iron, nickel, and cobalt that can experience a non-contact force similar to forces on an electric field. They have a North Pole and South Pole.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

19. Focal lenght

The distance of the central focus to the principle focusThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction

20. Limit of extension

Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.Inside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.However there is a limit to o the amount of force you apply and the extension to go up proportionally. It can be well shown on a graph where the graph curves and the numbers of the extension and the force are no longer the same. This is known as the limit of proportionality and is shown usually with a point marked p at that point.

21. Period

Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionFrom the frequency, you can find a period of a wave using the formula 1÷frequencyInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

22. Switch closed

This isWhere the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction

23. Variable Resistor

Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refraction

This isInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

24. Frequency

Is the number of complete waves passing a certain point per second. Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz), where 1 wave is 1 HertzWhere the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.The U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

25. Permanent magnets

Magnets that produce there own magnetic fieldInside the state of an object the particles in the object bounce into each other and anything around them. This total energy in an object is known as internal energy. Increasing something, such as the temperature of an object can have an impact on the object, what happens is the particles inside the object speed up vibrating more. This can cause a change in state if the particles then begin to break up going up into a liquid or gas. This is the same going the opposite way round.Where the waves carry on traveling through the material. this often leads to refractionThe U-value is the amount of heat that can be lost from a building. The lower the U-value in this the better heat efficiency there is.

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25 Questions

❤ If you liked Fatskills, consider supporting us by checking out The Life Manuals You Never Got.

About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | OSHA Basics Quiz | What Should We Know? Privacy | Terms |

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About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | OSHA Basics Quiz | What Should We Know?
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Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
© 2026 Fatskills.com