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Quantum Physics Concepts

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Quantum Physics Concepts

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1. Bremsstrahlung

A mathematical operation that transforms one function into another.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.

2. Planck's constant

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.A mathematical operation that transforms one function into another.

3. Pair production

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.A mathematical operation that transforms one function into another.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

4. Operator

5. Millikan oil-drop experiment

The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')Robert Milikan discovered the charge and subsequent mass of the electron by balancing charged, aerosolized drops of oil with an electric field, so that mg = qE of the drop. Thus, solving for q gave him the charge of the drop. It was noted that each drop was an integer multiple of a certain minimum charge value.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.

6. Physical observable

The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Any measurable quantity for which we can calculate the expectation value.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')

7. Isotope

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')Nucleus with same Z-value, but different masses (Different # of neutrons)The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

8. Compton effect

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process of elastic photon scattering from electronsThe process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

9. Fine structure constant

The ratio of the speed of a hydrogen electron in its stationary state to that of the speed of light. alpha = v_1/c = h/ma_0c = (picture)The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

10. Blackbody

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Has the ideal property that it absorbs all the radiation falling on it and reflects none.

11. Schrodinger wave equation

The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')A linear partial differential equation that governs the wave function of a quantum-mechanical system. ... It is a key result in quantum physics.

12. Wave function

A mathematical description of the quantum state of an isolated quantum system. The wave function is a complex-valued probability amplitude, and the probabilities for the possible results of measurements made on the system can be derived from it.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.

13. Quantum tunneling

The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')A particle is allowed by quantum mechanics and the uncertainty principle to penetrate into a classically forbidden region.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

14. Expectation value

The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The wave function is calculated to find the expected result of the average of many measurements of a given quantity. Denoted by

15. Rutherford's atomic model

The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.Known as the 'nuclear model of the atom'. Rutherford hypothesized that electrons orbit a small (massive compared to electron) nucleus. This came about through his observation that some alpha particles were reflected at large angles or backwards when going through thin metal foils, believing this to be caused by the alpha particle approaching close to the nucleus and being deflected the opposite way due to their like charges.

16. Penetration distance

Although an exponential decay does not have a sharp ending point, it can be determined 'about how far' the wave function extends past the classical turning point.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

17. The Copenhagen interpretation

Interpretation of quantum results. Strongly supported by Max Born, Wolfgang Pauli, Bohr and Heisenberg. It promotes the collapse of the wave function upon measurement. It is generally based on the following: 1) The uncertainty principle, 2) The complementary principle, and 3) The statistical interpretation of Born, based on probability determined by the wave function.The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.

18. Absorption and Emission spectrum

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.The spectrum of light absorbed or emitted by an element. For example, passing white light through hydrogen gas results in particular frequencies/photons being absorbed. These same frequencies/photons are later emitted by the atom.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')

19. Discovery of the Electron

J.J. Thomson observed that monoatomic gases could be ionized by x rays/cathode rays, thus implying the atom itself must have charged constituents that can be separated. These individual parts could be deflected by an electric field as if they were negatively charged.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

20. Photoelectrons

The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Ejected electrons (specifically caused by EM radiation?)Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')

21. Thomson's atomic model

Referred to as 'plum-pudding model' or the 'raisin-cake model' because of the resemblance. Thomson hypothesized the atom was a spherical cloud of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in them.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.

22. Energy quantum

The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.E = hfRepresented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')

23. Uncertainty principle

24. Mass spectrometer

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.Device used for measuring the charge-to-mass ratio of atomic ions.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

25. Electron volt

Represented by the variable h, determined from the equation E = hf. Its value is 6.6261 E-34 J*s.1 eV = 1.60 E-19 J. Derived by determining electron kinetic energy starting from rest across a a parallel plate capacitor. In other words, 1 electron volt is the kindetic energy gained by an electron (or proton) if it accelerates through a potential difference of 1 volt.The process by which photons are emitted by an electron slowing down. ('braking radiation')The creation of an elementary particle and its anti-particle. Often refers specifically to a photon creating an electron-positron pair near a nucleus but can more generally refer to any neutral boson creating a particle-antiparticle pair.

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25 Questions

❤ If you liked Fatskills, consider supporting us by checking out The Life Manuals You Never Got.

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About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | OSHA Basics Quiz | What Should We Know?
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© 2026 Fatskills.com