Applied Chemistry Practice Test: Lubricants — Flashcards

Lubricants topics include: Lubricants selection and classification, additives types, lubrication mechanism, viscosity and viscosity index, neutralization number, saponification value, cloud and pour point, oxidation stability and aniline number.

Lubricant chemistry is a specialized subset of organic chemistry, which is the study of carbon-based compounds and their reactions. Lubricant base oils are primarily hydrocarbons and are classified as organic compounds. 

Here are some other topics related to lubricant chemistry:
Base oils: The main raw material for all lubricant products. Base oils derived from crude oil are called "mineral base oils". Base oils obtained through chemical synthesis are called “chemical synthetic base oils”.
Greases: Semi-solid and solid lubricants made of base oil, soap, and additives. Greases are commonly used in machine parts and bearings, vehicle motors, loaders and tractors, motorcycles, and industries for machinery lubrication.
Ester oils: Belong to the group V synthetic lubricants, the highest group, with 100% synthetic compounds. Esters are polar and adhere to positively charged metal surfaces, thereby giving an immediate lubrication during cold start.
Graphene: Can serve as solid or liquid lubricant. It has great chemical inertness, smooth and densely packed surface, and offers perfect friction and wear properties compared to conventional materials.
Lithium: A highly reactive alkali metal with excellent heat and electrical conductivity. These characteristics make it especially useful to manufacture lubricants, pharmaceuticals, glass, and the cathode for lithium-ion batteries. 

A good lubricant generally possesses the following characteristics:
A high boiling point and low freezing point
A high viscosity index
Thermal stability
Hydraulic stability
Demulsibility
Corrosion prevention
A high resistance to oxidation