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A liquid-gas equilibrium is a state where the concentration of a liquid and gas are the same. This means that the rate of evaporation from the liquid is equal to the rate of condensation to the liquid. In a closed container, a liquid is in equilibrium with its vapor when the rate at which molecules leave the liquid phase and enter the gas phase is equal to the rate at which molecules leave the gas phase and enter the liquid phase. This is a dynamic equilibrium. Liquid and gas phases are in equilibrium at the boiling temperature. This means that the liquid is boiling and the gas is condensing at the same rate without a net change in their relative amount. When a system reaches equilibrium, the amount, volume, pressure, temperature, and density of both the liquid and gas remain constant with time.
Related: Chemical Engineering Practice Test: Two Phase Gas – Liquid Systems, Phase Rule and Vapor-Liquid Equilibria
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