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OSHA construction safety requires managing chemical (silica, asbestos, solvents) and physical (noise, radiation, heat/cold) hazards to prevent long-term illnesses and injuries. Key mandates include the Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom 2012/GHS), which requires proper labeling, safety data sheets (SDS), and training. Employers must prioritize engineering controls, such as ventilation, over PPE.
Key Chemical Hazards Crystalline Silica: Dust from cutting/drilling concrete or stone causes lung cancer and silicosis. Asbestos: Found in older insulation and materials, causing cancer. Lead: Released during demolition/painting, affecting the nervous system. Solvents & Adhesives: Can cause respiratory issues and skin irritation. Control Measures: Use wet methods to cut, local exhaust ventilation, and appropriate respirators.
Key Physical Hazards Noise: High noise levels from equipment cause permanent hearing loss and increase fatigue. Vibration: Hand-arm vibration from tools can lead to, for example, vibration white finger. Radiation: Includes UV from the sun and ionization from inspection equipment. Extreme Temperatures: Heat stress or cold stress (hypothermia).
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