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Solar geometry is a tool used to determine the best orientation and tilt of solar cells and to evaluate the impact of shadows. The hour angle is the angular displacement of the sun east or west of the local meridian. It varies from -90° to +90° and is the angle through which the earth must be rotated to bring the meridian of plane directly under the sun. The solar incidence angle is the angle between the sun's rays and the normal on a surface.
Solar geometry includes basic equations for: Declination Hour angle Altitude angle Azimuth angle Incidence angle for stationary and moving surfaces Sun path diagrams Shadow determination
The position of the sun can be described by two angles: Solar azimuth: The clockwise angle between the sun and true north, measured up to the horizontal projection of the sun's position onto the Earth's surface. Azimuth: The local angle between the direction of due north and the perpendicular projection of the sun down onto the horizon line.
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