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In thermodynamics, temperature is a measure of an object's average total internal energy. This includes kinetic energy and other factors.
The thermodynamic temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of translational motion. The Boltzmann constant relates the thermodynamic temperature of a gas to the mean kinetic energy of an individual particle. Temperature is also related to thermal equilibrium. Thermal equilibrium occurs when two bodies are in contact and can exchange energy. Systems are in thermal equilibrium when they have the same temperature. The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two bodies are each in thermal equilibrium with some third body, then they are also in equilibrium with each other.
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