Head of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His reform efforts--glasnost and perestroika--improved relations with the West and were designed to spur economic growth, but he lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe.

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1.
Head of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His reform efforts--glasnost and perestroika--improved relations with the West and were designed to spur economic growth, but he lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe.