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MCAT Biochemistry Questions

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Biochemistry Subjects To Study For The MCAT are:
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins
Biological Membranes
Carbohydrate metabolism
Carbohydrate structure
DNA and RNA
Enzymes
Lipids and lipid metabolism
Nonenzymatic proteins
Regulation of metabolism

MCAT Biochemistry Questions

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25 Questions

1. Is aerobic metabolism 100% efficient?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! These fatty acids require special enzymes. These enzymes are isomerases and reductases, and their purpose is to unsaturate and unbranch these fatty acids so that they can be beta-oxidized like normal.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.

2. Can we use Standard Thermodynamic properties to calculate the thermodynamics of biological systems?

The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! These fatty acids require special enzymes. These enzymes are isomerases and reductases, and their purpose is to unsaturate and unbranch these fatty acids so that they can be beta-oxidized like normal.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.

3. What is the lagging strand?

The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! These fatty acids require special enzymes. These enzymes are isomerases and reductases, and their purpose is to unsaturate and unbranch these fatty acids so that they can be beta-oxidized like normal.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.

4. Can branched or unsaturated fatty acids be oxidized normally?

The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! These fatty acids require special enzymes. These enzymes are isomerases and reductases, and their purpose is to unsaturate and unbranch these fatty acids so that they can be beta-oxidized like normal.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.

5. What is a negative control mechanism?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.Negative control mechanisms are systems in which the binding of a molecule reduces transcriptional activity. E.g. Repressor proteinsNo! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.

6. Describe the regulation of Pyruvate Kinase

No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.Pyruvate Kinase is subject to feed-forward activation by Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate from step 3 of Glycolysis. It makes sense because if you're running glycolysis hard (lots of Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate) you want the enzymes associated with glycolysis activated.

7. What is an allosteric activator?

No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.An allosteric molecule that increases the activity of the enzyme.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.

8. What is the Q Cycle?

The Q cycle is the 2 step transferring of electrons from CoQH2 to a CoQ molecule within the ETC that then reduces cytochrome c's in the inner membrane space. This is a little complicated, but basically the reason it happens is because CoQH2 has 2 electrons but can only transfer 1 at a time. The important thing to remember here is that the electrons provided by complex I and II are going to end up reducing cytochrome c.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.

9. What is a peptide bond?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.A specific name for the amide bond that holds amino acids together.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.

10. What is starch and what is its characteristic bonding pattern?

No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.Polysaccharides that are more digestible by humans. There are two types of starch and they are both made of a-d-glucose monomers. The first type of starch, amylose, is comprised of glucose monomers linked by a-1,4 bonds. The second type of starch, amylopectin, is just like amylose, except it also has occasional branches of a-1,6 bonds. The presence of starch can be tested for with iodine!No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.

11. What is a zymogen?

The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.An inactive form of an enzyme that must be modified to activate it. The creations of zymogens is a way to further regulate and control the activity of enzymes in the body. Most zymogens have the suffix -ogen.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.

12. What are cadhedrins?

The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.A group of glycoproteins that mediate calcium dependent cell adhesion. Cadhedrins usually hold similar cell types together. For example, E-cadhedrin holds epithelial cells while N-cadhedrin holds nerve cells together.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.

13. What is a unique modification made to 1,3-BPG in eryhtrocytes?

No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.In erythrocytes, there is an enzyme called Bisphosphoglycerate mutase which produces 2-3, Bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) from 1,3-BPG. 2,3-BPG binds to hemoglobin, reducing its affinity for oxygen and shifting the curve right.

14. How do enzymes respond to the environment?

The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.Enzymes are very sensitive to their environment! Enzymes are, fundamentally, just big molecules, and so messing with the salinity, temperature, ph, etc. of the environment can affect the way they operate.

15. What is feedforward regulation?

A relatively rare phenomenon in which enzymes further down in a chain of reactions are regulated by products produced earlier in the pathway.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.

16. What is the TATA box?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.The binding site within the promoter region in eukaryotic DNA to which RNA pol binds. The TATA box is able to be separated easily because of the relative weakness of T-A bonds compared to G-C bonds.

17. Ketogenesis occurs in the [mitochondria or cytoplasm] of liver cells.

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of liver cells.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.

18. What is the role of structural proteins?

Structural proteins help the body maintain structure by making up the cytoskeleton of cells, the extracellular matrix, and connective tissue like tendons and ligaments.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.

19. What is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.Ribose is a 5 carbon saccharide. Deoxyribose is very similar, it just has an -H instead of an -OH on carbon 2.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.

20. What is Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase's role in the PDH Complex?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase phosphorylates PDH when ATP or acetyl-CoA levels or high, which turns it off.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.

21. What is Primase?

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.An enzyme that lays down RNA primers for DNA polymerase to bind to.

22. What is endocytosis and what are the two types?

The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.Endocytosis is when the cell membrane invaginates and engulgs material to bring it into the cell. 1. Pinocytosis is endocytosis of fluid 2. Phagocytosis is the endocytosis of solids.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.

23. Describe the fifth step of the Citric Acid Cycle

No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.Succinyl-CoA is converted into Succinate by Succinyl-CoA synthetase which also converts a GDP to GTP. This GTP will transfer its phosphate to ADP to form ATP. This is the only step of the citric acid cycle that results in substrate level phosphorylation.

24. What type of genetic info is more likely to be an oncogene?

Most of the oncogenes are genes that have to do with cell-cycle and division timing. Your eye color gene, on the other hand, probably wont give you cancer if it mutates.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.

25. How does debranching of glycogen occur?

No! Remember, standard conditions are 25 degrees C, 1 M, and pressure of 1 atm. The body is basically never in this state, and as such, the modified Delta G equation must be used in the body.No! A good chunk of the energy from the proton gradient actually ends up getting dissipated as heat instead of making ATP.1. The closest a-1,4 bond is cleaved and transfered to a different chain by a-1,4 transferase. 2. The single a-1,6 bond is cleaved by a-1,6 glucosidase. This step is interesting because the glucose liberated is an actual glucose, not a phosphorylated glucose.The daughter strand that is copied in the direction opposite of the replication fork. The fact that the DNA is being synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork is a huge deal and the body has had to evolve the okazaki fragment approach to synthesizing the lagging strand correctly.

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❤ If you liked Fatskills, consider supporting us by checking out The Life Manuals You Never Got.

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All trademarks, logos and brand names are the property of their respective owners. All company, product and service names used in this website are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, trademarks and brands does not imply endorsement.

About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | What Should We Know?
Privacy | Terms |

Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
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