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Inductive Reasoning
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Inductive Reasoning
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22 Questions

1. Argument intended to give probable support for its conclusion.

2. When two events are correlated--when one varies in close connection w/ the other--they are probably related.

3. If two or more occurrences of a phenomenon have only one relevant factor in common - that factor must be the cause.

4. Enumerative inductive arguments - or the basis of enumerative inductive arguments - and must be judged by the same general criteria used to judge any other enumerative induction.

5. A sample that does not properly represent the target group.

6. A form of inductive reasoning in which we reason from premises about a state of affairs to an explanation for that state of affairs:

7. A comparison of two or more things alike in specific respects.

8. In enumerative induction - a sample that resembles the target group in all relevant ways.

9. The relevant factor present when a phenomenon occurs - and absent when the phenomenon does not occur - must be the cause.

10. In statistical theory - the probability that the sample will accurately represent the target group within the margin of error.

11. Enumerative - Analogical - & Causal.

12. A statement about the cause of things.

13. Inductive argument whose conclusion contains a causal claim. There are several inductive patterns of reasoning used to assess causal connections. These include the Method of Agreement - the Method of Difference - the Method of Agreement and Differenc

14. Reason that because two or more things are similar in several respects - they must be similar in some further respect. We evaluate arguments by analogy according to several criteria: (1) the number of relevant similarities between things being compar

15. A sample that is selected randomly from a target group in such a way as to ensure that the sample is representative. In a simple random selection - every member of the target group has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.

16. (or property in question) In enumerative induction - a property - or characteristic - that is of interest in the target group.

17. (after that - therefore because of that). The fallacy of reasoning that just because B followed A - A must have caused B.

18. (or sample member) In enumerative induction - the observed members of the target group.

19. A condition for the occurrence of an event without which the event cannot occur.

20. A condition for the occurrence of an event that guarantees that the event occurs.

21. (or target population) In enumerative induction - the whole collection of individuals under study.

22. The variation between the values derived from a sample and the true values of the whole target group.

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