Instructions for Question numbers 71 to 75. Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follows: The most popular method of measuring attitudes is to administer the attitude scale. Although Bogardus Social Distance Scale (1925) is one of the first attitude scales, a major breakthrough in attitude scaling was made by L.L. Thurstone who developed the law of c&mpferative judgement (LCJ) and also proposed the three scaling methods – paired comparison equal appearing intervals, and successive intervals. In the paired comparison, every statement/stimulus is paired with every other statement/stimulus. The computational methods of paired comparison are most extensively developed and use Thurstone's LCJ directly for this purpose. Since the paired comparison method has limitations inhaling large pumber of statements/ stimuli, the two other methods – equal appear internals, and successive intervals – were developed by Thurstone. The method of successive internals was computationally laborious in the pre-computer era and hence it was not so popular. In the classical scaling tradition Guttmann developed the scalogram technique and Edwards developed the scale discrimination technique. Likert's development of summated/ratings represent an important landmark in attitude measurement. It follows the traditional psychometric model. Aiken and Groth – Marnatt (2009) point out that other scaling techniques, less frequently used for attitude assessment, include Osgood's semantic diferential, Q-sort, magnitude estimation, expectancy value scal ing, facet analysis, multidimensional scaling etc.71. If eleven attitude statements are to be scaled by the method of paired comparison, what would be the number of pairs?

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Instructions for Question numbers 71 to 75. Read the following paragraph and answer the five questions that follows: The most popular method of measuring attitudes is to administer the attitude scale. Although Bogardus Social Distance Scale (1925) is one of the first attitude scales, a major breakthrough in attitude scaling was made by L.L. Thurstone who developed the law of c&mpferative judgement (LCJ) and also proposed the three scaling methods – paired comparison equal appearing intervals, and successive intervals. In the paired comparison, every statement/stimulus is paired with every other statement/stimulus. The computational methods of paired comparison are most extensively developed and use Thurstone's LCJ directly for this purpose. Since the paired comparison method has limitations inhaling large pumber of statements/ stimuli, the two other methods – equal appear internals, and successive intervals – were developed by Thurstone. The method of successive internals was computationally laborious in the pre-computer era and hence it was not so popular. In the classical scaling tradition Guttmann developed the scalogram technique and Edwards developed the scale discrimination technique. Likert's development of summated/ratings represent an important landmark in attitude measurement. It follows the traditional psychometric model. Aiken and Groth – Marnatt (2009) point out that other scaling techniques, less frequently used for attitude assessment, include Osgood's semantic diferential, Q-sort, magnitude estimation, expectancy value scal ing, facet analysis, multidimensional scaling etc.<br />71. If eleven attitude statements are to be scaled by the method of paired comparison, what would be the number of pairs?






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