Home  >  UGC NET  >  UGC NTA NET JRF Mass Communication & Journalism Previous Papers Questions

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions. There had already been a range of outlets for the dissemination of topical information before the introduction of printing to Western Europe in the middle of the fifteenth century, but these had most often involved a great deal of centralized control–political or ecclesiastical–a took the form of proclamations, sacred manuscripts, edicts or formal announcements of state decisions. To these we can add the informal commentary and dissemination of the ballad. The former depended on handwritten manuscripts, the latter on traditions of oral transmission. As commodity capital established itself in the Early Modern period, possession of extensive information about events in the contemporary world was as much a matter of social status as it was of political or economic survival, and consequently printing enabled an increased flow of both official and unofficial news in various forms. Both began a loosening up of the social networks of communication by increasing the number and range of voices in circulation. Newsletter writers had started to develop a structured form of information distribution following on from the kind perfected by the Fuggers, a powerful banking family in Central Europe in the mid-fifteenth century, who employed a chain a well-placed informants to provide them with the latest news pertaining to their business and political interests from around their trading areas of Western Europe and the Middle East. The application of the new technology of printing to the dissemination of news not only inverted social hierarchies of control over communication by allowing the commercial consideration of the printers to challenge the political considerations of ruling elites, but it also began a process of blending the careful textual construction of the newsletter scribes with the popular appeal which had characterized oral literature. The language of printed news material, even before the advent of formal periodical news-books and newspapers, was involved in a dialogic exchange with non-literate culture; printed works being disseminated by word of mouth, transforming the culture of the 'illiterate', and the oral modes of communication shaping the structure of printed works. This meant that printed news could gradually begin to combine both social and aesthetic aspects in its presentation, which would hold out the promise of a widening audience and an attractive potential for profit for those able to harness this twin appeal. The regular circulation of news in printed form implied, through its style and address, that it was intended for an audience that was significantly wider than traditional social and religious elites. This enhances the relevance to this account of contemporary analysts' views of language as a 'social semiotic' since the communicative form of printed news told the audience not only about the state of the world in provisional form but also about their status as recipients of this news. In addition, it allowed a dawning realization of the implications of the changing social composition of a world which was structured increasingly by an understanding of current affairs which could be gleaned on a regular basis for a modest financial outlay. What energized this social form of communication still more was the fact that it could be sold as a commodity, for profit, so that broadening the base of news consumers, through style and popular appeal, meant printers making more money. 71. What did precede the printing as information disseminators in the fifteenth century?

🎲 Try a Random Question  |  Total Questions in Quiz: 1714  |  🧠 Study this quiz with Flashcards
This question is part of a full practice quiz:
UGC NTA NET JRF Mass Communication & Journalism Previous Papers Questions — practice the complete quiz, review flashcards, or try a random question.
🧠 Flashcards (fast review) 🧪 Practice Quiz ⚔️ Challenge a Friend 🥊 📊 View Stats
1700+ communication & journalism questions.The UGC NET Mass Communication and Journalism syllabus consists of 10 units: Communication & Journalism  Role of media in society, Demographic & sociological impact of media, effects Journalism- role & responsibilities, Indian constitution Magazines, Press Commission, Small Newspaper, Press Councils, Development of Radio after independence, Development of Television, Committees in broadcasting, Communication & theories of social change, Role of media in social change, and Cinema Dominant paradigm & alternative conception Administrative &... Show more

Directions: <em>Read the following</em> <em>passage and answer the questions.</em> There had already been a range of outlets for the dissemination of topical information before the introduction of printing to Western Europe in the middle of the fifteenth century, but these had most often involved a great deal of centralized control–political or ecclesiastical–a took the form of proclamations, sacred manuscripts, edicts or formal announcements of state decisions. To these we can add the informal commentary and dissemination of the ballad. The former depended on handwritten manuscripts, the latter on traditions of oral transmission. As commodity capital established itself in the Early Modern period, possession of extensive information about events in the contemporary world was as much a matter of social status as it was of political or economic survival, and consequently printing enabled an increased flow of both official and unofficial news in various forms. Both began a loosening up of the social networks of communication by increasing the number and range of voices in circulation. Newsletter writers had started to develop a structured form of information distribution following on from the kind perfected by the Fuggers, a powerful banking family in Central Europe in the mid-fifteenth century, who employed a chain a well-placed informants to provide them with the latest news pertaining to their business and political interests from around their trading areas of Western Europe and the Middle East. The application of the new technology of printing to the dissemination of news not only inverted social hierarchies of control over communication by allowing the commercial consideration of the printers to challenge the political considerations of ruling elites, but it also began a process of blending the careful textual construction of the newsletter scribes with the popular appeal which had characterized oral literature. The language of printed news material, even before the advent of formal periodical news-books and newspapers, was involved in a dialogic exchange with non-literate culture; printed works being disseminated by word of mouth, transforming the culture of the 'illiterate', and the oral modes of communication shaping the structure of printed works. This meant that printed news could gradually begin to combine both social and aesthetic aspects in its presentation, which would hold out the promise of a widening audience and an attractive potential for profit for those able to harness this twin appeal. The regular circulation of news in printed form implied, through its style and address, that it was intended for an audience that was significantly wider than traditional social and religious elites. This enhances the relevance to this account of contemporary analysts' views of language as a 'social semiotic' since the communicative form of printed news told the audience not only about the state of the world in provisional form but also about their status as recipients of this news. In addition, it allowed a dawning realization of the implications of the changing social composition of a world which was structured increasingly by an understanding of current affairs which could be gleaned on a regular basis for a modest financial outlay. What energized this social form of communication still more was the fact that it could be sold as a commodity, for profit, so that broadening the base of news consumers, through style and popular appeal, meant printers making more money.<br /> 71. What did precede the printing as information disseminators in the fifteenth century?






 
❤ If you liked Fatskills, consider supporting us by checking out The Life Manuals You Never Got.

🌈  Our mission is to help improve your scores in any subject and exam withonline quizzes, practice tests, study guides, & advice for students. Since 2018.
About | Explore | User Guide | Topics | Subjects | Doubt Solver | Career Aptitude Test | Answers | Free Tools | What Should We Know?
Privacy | Terms |
Without work one finishes nothing. - Ralph Waldo Emerson
© 2026 Fatskills.com

All trademarks, logos and brand names are the property of their respective owners. All company, product and service names used in this website are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, trademarks and brands does not imply endorsement.