Directions (Qs. No. 96-100): Read the following passage and answer questions given below. The accountability of the media is a normative notion that underlies the balance of freedom and social responsibility across media structure, performance and product. In order to grasp the concept, we need to understand how closely related the two competing values of freedom and responsibility are. Press freedom has been constitutionally protected to guarantee a free flow of information by which citizens are empowered and directly involved in public life. From the birth of the press its freedom has been strongly connected with social expectations for the media to protect the public interest and to improve the quality of democracy. This is why James Carey points to First Amendment to the United States Constitution as 'a compact description of a desirable political society'. In short, the most important rationale of press freedom lies in the belief in the positive role of the media to build desirable citizenship, community, and democracy. In that regard, press freedom is not an absolute value or natural right. Even in most advanced democracies, press freedom has been constrained for various reasons—when it is in conflict with other constitutional rights or in order to satisfy various public interest requirements. Settling conflicts between different constitutional rights is largely a legal matter, and limiting the freedom of the media so as to fulfill its social responsibilities involves many complicated issues. Fundamentally, it is a matter of balancing freedom and responsibility, and two measures have been used primarily for that purpose: the market and the law. Neither approach, however, has proven successful. The free market measures often fail to secure plurality in media ownership and diversity in media content and many other public interest requirements have been sacrificed at the expense of pursuing business profits. On the other hand, legal regulations, such as censorship and other repressive measures legislated to protect the public goods, often infringe freedom itself. 96. Media accountability, according to the passage, is:

1700+ communication & journalism questions.The UGC NET Mass Communication and Journalism syllabus consists of 10 units: Communication & Journalism  Role of media in society, Demographic & sociological impact of media, effects Journalism- role & responsibilities, Indian constitution Magazines, Press Commission, Small Newspaper, Press Councils, Development of Radio after independence, Development of Television, Committees in broadcasting, Communication & theories of social change, Role of media in social change, and Cinema Dominant paradigm & alternative conception Administrative &... Show more

1700+ communication & journalism questions.

The UGC NET Mass Communication and Journalism syllabus consists of 10 units:

Communication & Journalism 
Role of media in society, Demographic & sociological impact of media, effects
Journalism- role & responsibilities, Indian constitution
Magazines, Press Commission, Small Newspaper, Press Councils, Development of Radio after independence, Development of Television, Committees in broadcasting, Communication & theories of social change, Role of media in social change, and Cinema
Dominant paradigm & alternative conception
Administrative & critical traditions, Communication research in India, Content analysis
Conflicts related to media coverage & representation, International news agencies, MacBride Commission, Contemporary issues
Production Team, Producer, Different Types of Programs, Writing for Radio, Writing for TV, Visual Language, Camera Movements, Basic Theories of Composition, Formats for Radio
Ad Copy & Layout, Public Relations & Opinion, Propaganda, Techniques, Different forms of writing
Printing Technology & Production methods, News agencies, Syndicates & Freelancing, Specialized areas of Journalism 

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