Consider the following statements:1. Al-Baruni first presented the idea that the Southern Hemisphere was mostly an open ocean and that most of the world’s land area was in the Northern Hemisphere.2. Ibn-Batuta quoted in his writings that Hindus believed that the tides were caused by the moon.

In geography, models are theoretical frameworks that let us predict things like spatial relationships, interaction with or across space, and other issues of geography. Geographers base models on large patterns and test these theories against real-world data to help determine how and why things happen as they do. 

For example, the study of Earth's landscape and composition through geography is organized into five themes: location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region.