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8th Grade Geography Terms
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8th Grade Geography Terms
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1. A steep slope or cliff.

2. A pool of shallow water linked to the sea by an inlet.

3. Molten rock inside the earth. It originates in the lower part of the earth's crust and in the upper portion of the mantle.

4. Land along the sea.

5. A large, relatively flat area that stands above the surrounding land. ________s occupy about one-third of the earth's land and occur on every continent.

6. Contraction of the 'ecological system', a term used in classifying the earth's natural communities according to how living and non-living things and their environment function as a unit.

7. A large body of salt water nearly or partly surrounded by land. A ____ is much smaller than an ocean.

8. A type of wetland forming a grassy fringe near river mouths, and along coastlines protected from open ocean. They are alternately flooded and exposed by the movement of the tides.

9. An area made fertile by a source of fresh water in an otherwise arid region. Water in an _______ comes from underground springs or from irrigation.

10. A large area of the ocean or sea that lies within a curved coastline. It is a portion of the ocean that penetrates into land. _______s vary in size, shape, and depth. They are sometimes connected to the ocean by one or more narrow passages called straits.

11. Land made by soil that drops from a river at its mouth, the place where it meets the sea.

12. An imaginary line around the middle of the earth. Halfway between the North and South Poles, it divides the earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is the 0° line of Latitude.

13. Broad, flat-topped landforms with steep sides. Found mostly in dry regions.

14. A region where the grass is the naturally dominant vegetation. A __________ occurs where there is not enough regular rainfall to support growth of a forest, but not so little rain as to form a desert.

15. A deep, narrow inlet of the sea between high, steep cliffs.

16. A forest of the cold, subarctic regions that begins south of the tundra vegetation. Coniferous, or cone-bearing trees, such as spruce, pine, fir, are common in taiga.

17. The lay of the land- the shape of the surface features of a geographic area.

18. Ocean waves triggered primarily by movement of the ocean floor during strong earthquakes. Volcanic eruptions in or near the ocean may also cause them.

19. One of the three main layers of the earth. The middle layer of hot rock, the ________, is sandwiched between the inner layer, called the core, and the outer layer, called the crust.

20. A narrow piece of land that joins two larger land areas and separates two bodies of water.

21. Water, seeping down through the soil under the force of gravity, reaches a zone where the pores in rocks and sediments are saturated, or filled with water. The area where zones of saturated and unsaturated rocks and sediments meet marks the ______ _______.

22. A moist, densely wooded area usually found in a warm, tropical wet climate.

23. A count of the population of a country, usually conducted by the government. It records the number of people and data such as age, gender, and occupation. A ________ can also be taken of plant or animal life.

24. A sheltered body of water where ships anchor and are safe from the winds and waves of storms at sea.

25. Water beneath the earth's surface from rain and melted snow that seeped down through the soil and into pores and cracks in rocks.

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