Canal Irrigation System topics include: Alluvial and non-alluvial canals, canal irrigation system alignment, channels curves, canal losses and regulation. Canal irrigation is a man-made system that uses artificial channels to transport water from rivers, dams, tanks, or reservoirs to irrigate fields. Canals are usually made from stone, brick, concrete, or flexible membranes.  Canal irrigation systems can include: Main canals, Branch canals, Distributaries.  Canal irrigation has many advantages, including: Developing un-irrigated wasteland Avoiding droughts Meeting crop water needs... Show more

Canal Irrigation System topics include: Alluvial and non-alluvial canals, canal irrigation system alignment, channels curves, canal losses and regulation.

Canal irrigation is a man-made system that uses artificial channels to transport water from rivers, dams, tanks, or reservoirs to irrigate fields. Canals are usually made from stone, brick, concrete, or flexible membranes. 

Canal irrigation systems can include: Main canals, Branch canals, Distributaries. 

Canal irrigation has many advantages, including:
Developing un-irrigated wasteland
Avoiding droughts
Meeting crop water needs during rainfall fluctuations
Higher productivity per hectare
Increasing water table levels 

However, canal irrigation also has some disadvantages, including:
It can increase the population of insects, mosquitoes, and worms
Improper maintenance can reduce the capacity of the canal
It can be expensive and time-consuming to build 

The four main types of canal structures are:
Erosion control structures
Distribution control structures
Crossing structures
Water measurement structures 

In India, the maximum part of the total irrigated area by canals is in Uttar Pradesh. Other major states where irrigation is done by canals are Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab and Bihar.

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Irrigation Engineering Practice Test: Canal Irrigation System

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25 Questions

1. Which type of canal is the farmer’s responsibility?

Field ChannelWatershed CanalSide Slope CanalContour Canal

2. Which of the following factor do not affect seepage loss?

Prevailing wind velocity in the regionPhysical properties of the canal waterThe porosity of the soilUnderground water-table condition

3. According to Etcheverry and Harding, the range of conveyance loss is highest in which soil?

Loose sandy soilRocksClay LoamSandy Loam

4. Non-alluvial soils are generally found in a mountainous region.

FalseMaybeTrueDon't Know

5. The transplantation of rice takes 18 days and the total depth of water required by the crop is 60 cm on the field. During this transplantation period, rain starts falling and about 10 cm of rain is being utilized to fulfill the rice demand. Find the duty of irrigation water required for rice assuming 25% losses of water in watercourses.

244.44 hectares/cumec233.28 hectares/cumec240 hectares/cumec230 hectares/cumec

6. Canal irrigation is generally preferred in __________

feeder canalnon-alluvial canalnon-perennial canalalluvial canal

7. The CCA of a water course is 1500 hectares. The intensity of sugarcane and wheat crops is 20% and 40% respectively. The duties for the crops at the head of the watercourse are 730 hectares/cumec and 1600 hectares/cumec respectively. Calculate the design discharge at the outlet assuming a time factor equal to 0.8.

0.92 cumec0.55 cumec1.0 cumec0.72 cumec

8. Which of the following combination is wrong?

Head regulator – Regulation of discharge in the canalFlexible regulation – Allocation of supplies with anticipated demandRoster – Indication of allotted supplies to different channelsChak – Command area of an inlet

9. In which of the following phenomenon there is a continuous direct flow between the canal and the underground water table?

AbsorptionPercolationBoth Absorption and PercolationSeepage

10. The number of hectares irrigable per cumec of the canal capacity at its head is known as ____________

duty on capacitynominal dutydesign full supply dischargecapacity factor

11. What type of canal necessitates construction of cross drainage works more than any other types?

Field ChannelSide Slope CanalWatershed CanalContour Canal

12. The Gross Command Area (G.C.A) represents the geographical area of the Doab.

Don't KnowTrueFalseMaybe

13. Which type of alignment does the given figure represent?

Alignment of Watershed CanalAlignment of Field ChannelAlignment of Contour CanalAlignment of Side Slope Canal

14. Which soil has the least range of conveyance loss according to Etcheverry and Harding?

Sandy LoamClay LoamLoose sandy soilImpervious clay loam

15. Which of the following statement is not correct about alluvial soils?

It has a flat surface slopeIt is formed by sediment deposition of silt from the flowing waterHard foundations are generally availableThe area of alluvial soil is even

16. Which canal acts as an irrigation canal as well as a feeder canal?

Carrier canalPermanent canalFeeder canalInundation canal

17. Which of the following characteristics is wrong about extensive irrigation?

The crop production will be minimal per unit of available waterAgricultural production and protection against famine will be at optimum levelsIt creates a perpetual scarcity of waterThe irrigation extends to a large area with the lowest available supply

18. Loss of canal discharge occurs mainly due to?

Seepage and PercolationSeepage and AbsorptionPercolation and AbsorptionSeepage and Evaporation

19. The Gross Command Area for a distributary is 8000 hectares 80% of which is culturable irrigable. The intensity of irrigation for Rabi season is 50% and the average duty at the head of the distributary is 2000 hectares/cumec. Determine the discharge required at the head of the distributary.

1.33 cumec1.40 cumec1.60 cumec1.44 cumec

20. The velocity of the flowing water in a navigation canal should be __________

mediumhighvery highsmall

21. The ratio of the actual operating period of a distributary to the crop period is called as ____________

full supply coefficienttime factorcapacity factornominal duty

22. If a looping is present in the ridge line they how can that area be irrigated with?

DistributaryCanalTributaryWeir

23. What is the name given to the junction of two streams?

Area of MixtureArea of MinglingMergingRidge

24. Hard foundations are generally available in non-alluvial soils.

MaybeDon't KnowTrueFalse

25. In case of high demand but insufficient supplies, all the smaller channels are made to run simultaneously and continuously with reduced supplies.

MaybeTrueDon't KnowFalse